Transcript The Renaissance

The Renaissance Rebirth of learning
and Culture in
Europe
Pre-Renaissance Europe
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The Crusades: 1095 - 1496
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Christian knights wage war against Muslims for control of
Jerusalem resulting in bitterness, increased trade and cultural
diffusion in Western Europe
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The Black Plague: 1300s
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Kills 25 million Europeans
Results: (“The 3 D’s”)
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Desire to celebrate life and humanity
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Doubts about the Church
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Desire for new ways of expression
Why did the Renaissance
begin in Italy?
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Thriving cities
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Wealthy merchants and bankers
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Medici family – “Godfathers” of the Renaissance
Renewed interest in classical Rome & Greece roots
What new values did
people hold?
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HUMANISM – emphasizes individual
achievements and abilities
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Focus on secular ideas (concern with
worldly matters)
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Patrons encourage beautiful works by
financially supporting artists, writers
and musicians (ex. Medici family)
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Renaissance man – Master of many
fields of study or work (ex. Leonardo
da Vinci – painter, scientist &
inventor)
Francesco Petrarch,
Father of Humanism
Individuals Take Charge
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Leonardo da Vinci,
“The Renaissance Man”
“Man can do all things if they will”
- Leon Battista Alberti
People started believing in the
ability of humans to do great
things
As a result, new technology
develops AND people start to work
to create better cities and countries
How did art change
during the Renaissance?
• Sculptors made figures more realistic
• Painters used perspective to create three-dimensional
illusion
• Subjects were no longer mostly religious
Your Turn:
Create a T-Chart to Compare and Contrast
the following pieces of art:
Middle Age Art
Renaissance Art
Renaissance Ideas…
in Action
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Johann Gutenberg creates the printing press
which increases the production of books
As a result, new ideas of the Renaissance are
spread throughout Europe
Books are written in vernacular - Everyday
language that all understand
Authors express own thoughts and feelings
Ex. Dante – realistic poetry
Machiavelli – understanding government
The Reformation
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Begins as a protest to the practices of the Roman Catholic
Church
Teaches people that faith in God, not good works, leads to
eternal life
Encourages people to read the Bible to strengthen their faith
in God’s word
How it Began
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Martin Luther,
Author of the 95 Theses
Indulgences – Sold to free
people from their sins
Monks (religious men) begin to
disagree with the sale of
indulgences
Martin Luther writes 95 Theses
about why it’s wrong to sell
indulgences
The Church Responds
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The pope or leader of the Catholic
Church excommunicates Martin Luther
from the Church
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Luther continues to share his ideas and
gains many followers who are called
Lutherans
What can you learn from art?
You work at a museum that is considering
buying this painting by Jan van Eyck. It is
a portrait of Chancellor Rolin, a powerful
government official in Burgundy (later part
of France). Before deciding, the museum
director wants to know what this painting
can teach the public about the
Renaissance.
Chancellor Rolin
Jan van Eyck
1. What can you infer
about the setting of
the painting?
2. What details in the
painting give you
an idea of the role of
religion in society?
1.
2.
3.
Classical Art -Renaissance
artists admired classical art.
The columns show classical
style.
Perspective – Van Eyck used
the technique of perspective
which shows distant objects as
smaller than close ones. He
also used oil paints, a new
invention.
Religion – This painting
portrays the infant Jesus and
his mother Mary in 15thcentury Europe. Such a
depiction shows the continuing
importance of religion during
the Renaissance.
4.
5.
The Individual – Renaissance
artists portrayed the
importance of individuals.
Chancellor Rolin is wearing a
fur-trimmed robe that shows
his high status.
Beauty – Van Eyck included
many details simply to add
beauty. These include the
design on the floor, the folds
of Mary’s cloak, and the
scenery outside.
• List the similarities
and differences for
these two works of
art.
.
Focus on the
following:
- facial
expressions
- Use of color
- Amount of detail
- Background
- Use of light and
shadow
• (Mona Lisa is more realistic,
uses shadows, and has
darker, more subtle colors.
Both artworks are finely
detailed, especially the
backgrounds.)
• Based on this analysis and
information in the text, what
can you conclude about
Renaissance art? (more
realistic than medieval art,
especially in use of light,
shadow and perspective.)
David
Michelangelo
School of Athens
Raphael