Transcript 4.2 required nutritions for the body2009-08

REQUIRED NUTRITIONS FOR THE
BODY
Six Nutrition substances
needed by the body
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Carbohydrate
Fat
Protein
Vitamin
Fat
• Water
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Carbohydrate
• Classification based on the number of carbohydrate
molecules :
A. Monosaccharide
B. Disaccharide
C. Polysaccharide
• Carbohydrate sources
A. Grains and the results
B. Tubers and the results
C. Sago
D. Sugar and the results
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The function of
carbohydrate
• As a source of energy
• Makes a backup food in the body
• Gives full sense of satiation
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The adequacy of the
recommended carbohydrate
• Most of our food consists of carbohydrate. The amount of
carbohydrate and the correct choice of carbohydrate should
be given attention
• 55 - 60% daily energy needs from carbohydrates
• Healthy adults each day need 4-6 grams of carbohydrate /
kg body weight (approximately 300 - 380 grams of
carbohydrate)
• Two-thirds of the amount required is polysaccharide which
mainly consist of products from cereals and tubers
• Every day should be consumed at least 30 grams of fiber
food
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FAT
• Fat source
Based on the origin or source of fat can be divided into two,
namely
1. Vegetable fat (derived from plants), for example, coconut oil,
palm oil, corn oil, peanut oil
2. Animal fat (derived from animals), for example, cow fat, pig
fat, goat fat, fish oil .
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TYPES OF FAT
• Kinds of fat can be divided into two, namely :
A. Fat can be seen (visible fat), for examples; Margarine,
butter, coconut oil, corn oil, palm oil
B. Fat can not be seen (invisible fat), for examples: fat in the
milk, fat in the peanut, oil on the pecan nut, egg yolk,
avocado.
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Fat Function
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As a source of acid-fatty essential
As a source of energy besides carbohydrate
As a protection the soft organs
Giving a delicious oily and salty on food
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Needs and sources of fat
• Fat in a few amount will give a great energy to the body
• 25 – 30 % of daily energy need is supplied by fat
• For teenages and hard-workers, theirs energy increase until
35%
• The healthy men need 0,8 gram of fat for 1 kg of body a day
• The suggested balance compositition of fat-acid;
1/3 saturated fatty acid
2/3 unsaturated fatty acid
• The fat needs will be fulfilled from cooking oil, the material
spreader (spread for bread), and the hidden fat in food
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PROTEIN
• Protein is a component of basic life. Elements of the protein
are also called the amino acids. Protein can be formed in
plants or produced by microorganisms. Animals get protein
from their food, whereas the human can prepare the protein
in the body that comes from animal protein and vegetable
protein that is obtained from food
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10 amino acid Essentials
• Type of amino acid essentials have 10 kinds, namely;
1. Valin
6. Threonine
2. Phenylalanine
7. Histidine
3. Metionin
8. Isoleusin
4. Arginine
9. Leusin
5. Tryptophan
10. Lysine
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Value Digested Protein
• Value digested protein is an assessment of the case of
easily- not easily protein to be digested and used by the
body, in relation to the actual amino acid.
• The value digested protein can be divided into three (3),
namely
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Complete protein
It is a protein that contain all the amino acid essential in huge amount
sufficient for the growth and maintenance of the network (to maintain
health). Complete protein can be obtained from: milk, eggs, meat, fish,
meat, animal food and other
Partially incomplete protein,
It is the type of protein that contains the amino acid part essential in
the amount that is not sufficient for growth but can be used to maintain of
the network ( to maintain health ). Partially incomplete protein can be
obtained from beans and their results.
Incomplete protein
It is the type of protein that contain amino acid essential only very
few, so it can not be used for the growth and maintenance of the network.
Incomplete protein can be obtained from tubers
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Source and Protein
Function
• Animal protein
Example, meat, fish, eggs, shrimp,
oysters, and it results from other animal
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