Transcript Chapter Three

Chapter Three
Section 1- Making Consumer
Choices
 Making Consumer Choices
 Learning about about available health products and
services and understanding how to judge their
effectiveness and reliability will help you become an
informed HEALTH CONSUMER anyone who
purchases or uses health products or services
Influences on Your Decisions
 Internal factors like habits and personal taste can play
a role. External factors that influence you is the MEDIA
various methods of communication in purchasing a
product or service TV, radio, newspapers, magazines,
and the internet are all examples.
ADVERTISING
 ADVERTISING a written or spoken media message
designed to interest consumers in purchasing a product
or service. It helps you make your purchasing
decisions. But the primary purpose of advertising is to
make you want to buy the featured product. Techniques
used for advertising
TYPES OF ADVERTISING
 Bandwagon- EX: groups of people using a product or
service. HM: Everyone is using it, you should too
TYPES OF ADVERTISING
 Rich and Famous- EX: product displayed in expensive
home. HM: it will make you feel rich and famous
TYPES OF ADVERTISING
 Free Gifts- EX: redeemable coupons for merchandise.
HM: too good of deal to pass up.
TYPES OF ADVERTISING
 Great Outdoors- EX: scene of nature. HM: if its
associated with nature it must be healthy
TYPES OF ADVERTISING
 Good Times- EX: people smiling and laughing HM: this
product will add fun to your life.
TYPES OF ADVERTISING
 Testimonial- EX: people for whom a product has
worked HM: if worked for them so it will work for you
too
Comparing Choices
 Keep in mind that some advertising info may be
misleading considering the point is just to persuade
you.
 Comparison Shopping- a method of judging the
benefits of different products by comparing several
factors, such as qualities, features, and cost.
Comparing Choices
 Cost: decide on a price range and compare prices from
different stores
 Features: Decide what is important to you
 Quality: well made products should have better
performance. Cheap one are not a bargain if they fall
apart
Comparing Choices
 Warranty- a company's or a store's written agreement
to repair a product or refund your money should the
product not function properly Make sure you read the
fine print and understand the warranty before buying
the product
 Safety: is especially important when choosing sports,
recreation, or home safety products
Safety
 Safety: is especially important when choosing sports,
recreation, or home safety products
 Underwrites Laboratory (UL) product safety testing and
certification organization. the UL sticker on thing (fire
extinguishers, appliances) states it has passed strict
inspection
 Snell, and American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
monitor safety standards for helmets and other safety
equipment. Look for their stickers
Recommendations
 Recommendations: talk to people who have already
used the product.
 The Consumer Union tests products independently
Product Labels
 One way to compare products is to compare labels.
Important info includes the products name, intended
use, directions for use, precautions and warnings,
manufactures info, and the amount in The container.
Most labels have the ingredients listed by weight in
descending order. The label will also say the active
ingredients- ones that make the product work.
Your Consumer Rights
 Right to choose- to select from any products at different
prices
 Right to safety- products that will not harm you or
others
 Right to be informed- to truthful info about the product
and services
Your Consumer Rights
 Right to be heard- to join in the making of laws that
govern buying and selling
 Right to have your problem corrected- seek
compensation when you have been treated unfairly
 Right to consumer education-to learn the skills
necessary to help you make wise choices
Today's Consumer Choices
 Online Shopping- using the Internet to buy products
and services. Some points to consider when online
shopping
 Price- online shopping is sometimes cheaper. But you
have shipping
Today's Consumer Choices
 Convenience- Items are delivered directly to your door.
sometimes convenience outweighs potential problems
of repackaging and mailing items that may need to be
returned.
 Product information- online descriptions provide only
limited information about a product, you can only look
at a picture, not try it on and examine it.
Today's Consumer Choices
 If you purchase a product online you should consider
some safety steps.
 Get permission from a parent, make sure the site is
secure, check the organization return policy, and write
down any confirmation numbers or other information
related to your purchase.
 you will need these numbers if problems come up.
Community Health Services
 Health care system- all the medical care available to a
notion's people, the way they receive care, and the
method of payment.
General care
 General care includes Primary care physiciansmedical doctors who provide physical check ups and
general care. EX: school nurses, dentists, family
doctors.
 Specialist- medical doctors trained to handle particular
kinds of patients or medical conditions. EX: allergist,
orthodontist, psychiatrist, dermatologist. When you see
a doctor for a check up you are taking.
Preventative care
 Preventative care- actions that prevent the onset of
disease or injury
Health care
 Facilities for health care services
 Impatient care requires the patient to stay at the facility
overnight and the patient has a serious illness or
disease.
 Outpatient care allows the patient to be treated and
return home the same day.
Health Care
 •Private practice-physicians work for themselves. They
are seen on an outpatient requirement
 •Clinics- physicians may provide outpatient care in a
community clinic rather than an office.
 •Group Practice- many doctors share and office space,
equipment, and support staff. Otherwise they function
in the same matter as those in private practice
Medical Care
 •Hospitals- They generally off both inpatient and
outpatient care. some physicians work at hospitals.
 •Emergency Rooms- within most hospitals, they
provide care required for potentially life threatening
diseases or injury
 •Urgent Care Centers- staffed by primary care
physicians, they usually handle emergencies the are
not life threatening. People go here if their primary care
physician is unavailable or they don't have one.
How People Pay for Health Services
 Health care can be expensive so many people have Health
Insurance- plan in which private companies or government
programs pay for part or all of a person's medical costs. You
pay a premium every month.
 conventional insurance plans the insured person pays for
doctor visits out-of-pocket, which means the patient has to
pay for it.
 Then the insurance reimburses the person for the
company's fixed potion, usually 80%.
 Most insurance plans people have to pay a deductible which
is what the person has to pay before the benefits come into
effect.
Health Maintenance
Organization (HMO)
 Managed care plan insurance emphasizes prevention
in order to reduce costs. Some types:
 Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) members pay
a monthly premium but receive most or all medical
services with few or no out of pocket expenses.
 Some require a small co payment for an office visit.
Usually members can see only doctors who have
signed the HMO contract.
Health Insurance
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6iuYEID2CE
Health Insurance
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4-pklsDT_Q
Preferred Provider
Organization (PPOs)
 Preferred Provider Organization (PPOs)they medical
provider that connects with the PPOs agree to charge
the organization less their regular fee for the member
usage.
 Members pay a monthly premium to use providers in
the plan but they can choose a provider outside the
plan but it will cost more
Points of Service (POS)
 Points of Service (POS) plans- members can choose
providers insider or outside the plan. Choosing on
outside will have higher premium and more out of
pocket owed.
Health Care Services
 Current trends:
 •Birthing Centers- usually less expensive then
hospitals, home and family setting, only for low risk
pregnancies
 •Drug Treatment Centers- drug and alcohol problems,
outside of hospital.
Health Care Services
 •Continuing Care and assistive living centers- many
older adults benefit, they have short and long term
care. like nursing homes
 •Hospices- provide care for terminal illness, workers
specialize in emotional support too
 •Telemedicine- practice where a doctor far away can be
brought into an operating room by technology like
Skype
Section 3 Managing
Consumer Problems
 Problems with Products
 some things can be returned to the store other have to
be returned to the manufacturer.
 If the product is truly defective you must decide if you
want money or a new one back.
 When returning the letter write a letter and ship it back
to the manufacturer.
Health Fraud
 Fraud is deliberate deceit or trickery. Some people use
fraud to sell defective products.
 Health Fraud is the sale of worthless products or
services that claim to prevent diseases or cure other
health problems.
Fraudulent Products
 certain types or products are notorious for fraud:
 •Weight-loss products-pills, diets, fad diets, and
exercise diet the claim to lose weight. Weight loss is
only effective through healthy eating and exercise.
 •Beauty and anti-aging products tooth whiteners, face creams, and hair products may
offer temporary results but not permanent products not
approved by the FDA may harm you.
Fraudulent Claims
 There are clinics that offer miracle treatments.
 Such as taking the peach pit and using it to cure cancer
is fraud.
 You should always check with healthcare provider.
 Healthcare providers can be guilty of Malpractice.
 Malpractice is the failure by a health professional to
meet the accepted standards. You may need to switch
providers. always get second opinions on major
concerns.
Methods for addressing
consumer problems
 Business Organization- such as the Better Business
Bureau (BBB) to deal with complaints with a local
merchant. The core services of the BBB include dispute
resolution and truth-in-advertising complaints.
 http://www.bbb.org/?vm=r
Consumer Advocates
 Consumer Advocates, people or groups whose sole
purpose is to take on regional, national, and even
international consumer issues.
 Groups like the Consumer Union test products, inform
the public, and play a role in protecting consumers
when problems arise.
 Others work to expose fraud and teach consumers
about their rights and responsibilities.
Agencies
 Local, State, and Federal government agenciesensure the consumers rights are protected.
 The federal government has established a number of
specialized agencies that deal with health-related
products and services.

Federal Trade Commission
 The Federal Trade Commission works to prevent false
or deceptive advertising.
 http://ftc.gov/?vm=r
Food and Drug Administration
 The Food and Drug Administration ensures that
medicines are safe, effective, and properly labeled.
 http://www.fda.gov/?vm=r
 The Consumer Product Safety Commission protects
consumers against harmful products and can recall
dangerous ones.
 http://www.cpsc.gov/?vm=r
 Small claims courts are state courts that handle legal
disputes involving amounts of money below a certain
limit.
 The consumers and the merchant present their case to
a judge, who then makes a decision.
Public Health Services
 Public Health is a community wide effort to monitor and
promote the welfare of the population,
 Americans are living longer healthier lives.
 http://www.co.stephenson.il.us/health/?vm=r
Public Health Agencies
 Local Level-state country and city health departments
focus on disease prevention.
 These agencies oversee standards of water and
sewage systems, waste disposal, and the sanitation of
restaurants.
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
 National Cancer Institute (NCI) federal governments
principle agencies for cancer research.
 http://www.cancer.gov/?vm=r
Environmental protection agencies (EPA)-
 Environmental protection agencies (EPA)
 This agencies is responsible for protecting the country's
air, water, and land.
 http://www.epa.gov/?vm=r
Health Administration
(OSHA) Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA)- works to prevent injuries and safeguard the
health of workers across the country.
 https://www.osha.gov/?vm=r
United States Department of Agriculture
(USDA)
 United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) This program helps the federal anti-hunger effort with
food stamp, school lunch, and the school breakfast
program.
 http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?vm=r
Food and Safety Inspection Service (FSIS)
 Food and Safety Inspection Service (FSIS)- is
responsible for the safety of meat, poultry, and egg
products.
 http://www.foodsafety.gov/?vm=r
 http://usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentid=F
SIS_Agency_Splash.xml&contentidonly=true?vm=r
Department of Health and
Human Services (HHS)
 Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
oversees over 300 health related programs.
 There programs are administered by 13 agencies,
 These include the following:
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services
 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services (CMS)federal insurance programs which provide health
insurance to low income elderly.
Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)- ensures safety of
food, drugs, and cosmetics.
National Institute of Health
(NIH) National Institute of Health (NIH)-does medical
research and funds other medical researches.
Health Services
Administration (SAMHSA)
 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration (SAMHSA)- provides help for people
what have alcohol or mental and emotional problems
Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)does research and collects data to help control the
spread of disease.
 Epidemiology, the scientific study of patterns of disease
in a population.
Federal Trade Commission
(FTC) Federal Trade Commission (FTC)- established to
enforce antitrust and consumer protection laws.
 works to promote
Federal Trade Commission
(FTC) Federal Trade Commission (FTC)- established to
enforce antitrust and consumer protection laws. works
to promote