Transcript Contraception

Contraception
Safe sex versus safer sex
The term “Safe sex” is misleading. No sex is the
only truly safe sex.
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Know partner’s sexual history
Drug use
Ask questions
STI’S
• Herpes
• Gonorrhea
• Syphilis
• HPV
The only known way to prevent any kind of
sexually transmitted infections is to abstain from
sexual contact.
What strategies do you think would be effective
in selling contraception to teenagers?
Marketing Strategy?
Choices
Abstinence – not having sex
100% effective in preventing STI’s and
Pregnancy
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One in five Americans have genital herpes,
yet at least 80 percent of those with herpes
are unaware they have it
About 50 percent to 80 percent of US adults
have oral herpes OR Herpes simplex Virus .
(JHU)
BARRIER METHODS
Barrier Methods – Physical barrier to
stop sperm from coming into contact with
an egg
Diaphragm, Cervical Cap, Female
Condom
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At least one in four Americans will contract an
STD at some point in their lives
PROTECTION
Male Condoms
Thin cover that fits over an
erect penis, sperm is
deposited into condom
instead of vagina.
Latex or Polyurethane
Over – the – Counter
Put on before penis touches
female genitalia
98% Effective
How?
PROTECTION
Spermacide – Chemicals that kill sperm
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Foams, Creams, Gel
Inserted into vagina before sex
Water- Based, Not Oil - Oil damages latex
Nonoxynol – 9 , Spermicidal Lubricant
More than 5 million people are infected with HPV
each year
Hormonal Methods
Hormonal Method – Doses of hormones to
prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation
Birth Control Pills – Prevents ovulation by
suppressing the natural hormones that would
stimulate an ovary to release an egg
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99% effective when taken properly, taken daily
Does not protect against STD’s
IUD
Hormonal
• Release progestin
• Thicken cervical
mucus, endometrium
does not grow,
reduces menstrual
bleeding.
Non-Hormonal
• Copper acts as
spermicide,
weakening the sperm
or destroying it.
PREVENTING PREGNANCY
Injectables – Shots that contain
hormones to prevent pregnancy
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Every 3 Months
99% effective
Does not protect against STI’s
The Patch
Nuvaring – Vaginal ring folded & inserted
high into the vagina
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Release hormones
Replace every 3 weeks
Condom back - up
Surgical
Vasectomy
Cutting of Vas Deferens
Prevent release of sperm
during Ejaculation
Permanent
After 1-2 months 99.85%
effective.
Tubal Ligation
Tubes Tied
Banded, cauterized, tied
and cut
Permanent
5 out of 1,000 women
after 1 year. 5 years
following tubal ligation,
about 13 out of 1,000
women will have become
pregnant
Natural Methods
The calendar rhythm method- calculating a
woman's fertile period on the calendar.
Calculated by last 12 menstrual periods to avoid
ovulation.
Withdrawal
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75%-80%
1 out of 22 couples
Hope
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