Ferrari Enzo ferrari

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Transcript Ferrari Enzo ferrari

• FOSI
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Forseti - Frisian Fosite
Willebrord, the saint visited an island
between Frisia and Denmark that was
sacred to Fosite and was called
Fositesland after the god worshipped there
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Forseti - Frisian Fosite
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The stranger and the spring are identified with
Fosite and the sacred spring of Fositesland.
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Forseti - Frisian Fosite
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Fosite has been suggested to be a loan
of Greek Poseidon into pre-ProtoGermanic, perhaps via Greeks
purchasing amber (Pytheas is known
to have visited the area of Heligoland
in search of amber).The equation
Greek Poseidon = Germanic Fosite
was noted at least as early as 1977 in
Franz Spilka, Rätsel der Heimat nr. 21.
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Miltefosine
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'Miltefosine' (International Nonproprietary
Name|INN, trade names 'Impavido' and
'Miltex') is a phospholipid medication|drug
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Miltefosine
On 19 March 2014, the US Food and
Drug Administration approved
miltefosine for any form of
leishmaniasis, specifically for patients
of 12 years of age and older, and
became the first approved drug for
Cutaneous leishmaniasis|cutaneous or
mucosal leishmaniasis.
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Miltefosine
In 2013, the US Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention recommended
miltefosin as the only and first line
therapy for granulomatous amoebic
encephalitis and primary amoebic
meningoencephalitis, two fatal protozoal
diseases. For the first time in history, in
2013, two children survived and
recovered from primary amoebic
meningoencephalitis after treatment
with miltefosin.
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Miltefosine - Medical uses
Several medical agents have some
efficacy against visceral or cutaneous
leishmaniasis, however a 2005 survey
concluded that miltefosine is the only
effective oral treatment for both forms
of leishmaniasis
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Miltefosine - Medical uses
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Miltefosine is being made available in the
United States through the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention|CDC for
emergency use under an expanded access
Investigational New Drug|IND protocol for
treatment of free-living amoeba (FLA)
infections: Primary amoebic
meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria
fowleri and granulomatous amoebic
encephalitis caused by Balamuthia
mandrillaris, and Acanthamoeba species.
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Miltefosine - Side effects
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The main adverse drug reaction|side effects
reported with miltefosine treatment are
nausea and vomiting, which occur in 60% of
patients. Adverse effect is more severe in
women and young children. The overall
effects are quite mild and easily reversed. It
is embryotoxic and fetotoxic in rats and
rabbits, and teratogenic in rats but not in
rabbits. It is therefore contraindicated for use
during pregnancy, and contraception is
required beyond the end of treatment in
women of child-bearing age.
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Miltefosine - History
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It was subsequently found that miltefosine
was structurally unique among lipids
having anticancer property in that it lacks
the glycerol group, is highly selective on
cell types and acts through different
mechanism.
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Miltefosine - History
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Eventually, several successful Phase
II and III trials led to the approval of
miltefosine in 2002 as the first and
only oral drug for leishmaniasis.
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Miltefosine - Antiprotozoal and antifungal activities
Miltefosine is being investigated by
researchers interested in finding
treatments for infections which have
become resistant to existing drugs.
Animal and in vitro studies suggest it may
have broad anti-protozoal and anti-fungal
properties:
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Miltefosine - Antiprotozoal and antifungal activities
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* Animal studies suggest miltefosine
may also be effective against
Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite
responsible for Chagas' disease.
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Miltefosine - Antiprotozoal and antifungal activities
* A 2006 in vitro study found that
miltefosine is effective against
metronidazole-resistant variants of
Trichomonas vaginalis|Trichomonas
vaginalis, a sexually transmitted protozoal
disease.
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Miltefosine - Antiprotozoal and antifungal activities
* Hexadecyltrimethylammonium
bromide, a compound structurally
similar to miltefosine, was
demonstrated in 2007 to exhibit potent
in vitro activity against Plasmodium
falciparum.
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Miltefosine - Antiprotozoal and antifungal activities
*An in vitro test in 2006 showed that
miltefosine is effective gainst amoebic
pathogens, Naegleria fowleri,
Balamuthia mandrillaris, and
Acanthamoeba species. However, later
studies showed that it is not as potent as
other drugs, such as chlorpromazine and
diminazene aceturate (Berenil®). In 2014
it was reported that treatment of
Acanthamoeba encephalitis in a 63-yearold male was not cured by miltefosine,
or sulfadiazine, fluconazole, flucytosine,
and azithromycin.
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Miltefosine - Antiprotozoal and antifungal activities
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*In 2013, there were reports of failure of
miltefosine in the treatment of
leishmaniasis. Although drug resistance
was suspected, studies in 2014 reported
that miltefosine is not so effective in
children, most probably related to a lack of
drug exposure in children. Moverover,
males appeared to have a higher
probability of relapse as well.
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Miltefosine - Anti-HIV activity
Miltefosine acts by inhibiting the
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway|PI3K/Akt
pathway, thus removing the infected
macrophages from circulation,
without affecting healthy cells
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Tifosi
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'Tifosi' () is an Italian language|Italian
word to describe a group of supporters
or fans, especially in sports. Tifosi is
used for a mixed gender or an all-male
group; masculine singular tifoso,
feminine singular tifosa, feminine plural
tifose.
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Tifosi - Formula 1
It has become common to use the
word Tifosi to refer to the supporters
of Scuderia Ferrari in Formula One.
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Tifosi - Formula 1
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The Tifosi provide Formula One with
some of its most iconic images , as a
sea of red fills the grandstands at the
Italian Grand Prix. A similar sight
could be observed in former years
during the San Marino Grand
Prix|San Marino race which was held
at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari
near the town of Imola, only 80 km
(49.7 mi) east of the Ferrari factory in
Maranello.
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Tifosi - Formula 1
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One of the most common Tifosi sights
is the display of an enormous Ferrari
flag in the grandstands during
Formula 1 weekends at every race
circuit, with especially large
contingents showing up in Ferrari
livery at home and nearby European
tracks.
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Tifosi - Formula 1
It has not been uncommon for the Tifosi in
Italy to actually cheer for a non-Italian driver
in a Ferrari passing an Italian driver in
another make of car for the lead of a race. At
the 1983 San Marino Grand Prix, the crowd
at Imola cheered long and loud when
Riccardo Patrese crashed his Brabham
BT52|Brabham out of the lead of the race
only 6 laps from home, handing Frenchman
Patrick Tambay the win in his Ferrari. Patrese
himself had only passed Tambay for the lead
half a lap earlier.
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Tifosi - Formula 1
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One driver who never actually drove for
the Prancing Horse, but will forever
hold a special place in the hearts of the
Tifosi is Frenchman Jean-Louis
Schlesser
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Tifosi - Cycling
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Passionate supporters of Italian cycling teams
cyclists are called 'the tifosi'.
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