Transcript Document
• E-Clinical
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Drug development - Pre-clinical
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The information gathered from this preclinical testing, as well as information on
CMC, and is submitted to regulatory
authorities (in the US, to the FDA), as an
Investigational New Drug application or
IND. If the IND is approved, development
moves to the clinical phase.
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Phases of clinical research - Pre-clinical studies
Before pharmaceutical companies start
clinical trials on a drug, they conduct
extensive pre-clinical development|preclinical studies. These involve in vitro (test
tube or cell culture) and in vivo (animal)
experiments using wide-ranging doses of the
study drug to obtain preliminary efficacy,
toxicity and pharmacokinetic information.
Such tests assist pharmaceutical companies
to decide whether a drug candidate has
scientific merit for further development as an
investigational new drug.
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Pre-clinical development
In drug development, 'pre-clinical
development', also named 'preclinical
studies' and 'nonclinical studies', is a stage
of research that begins before clinical trials
(testing in humans) can begin, and during
which important feasibility, iterative testing
and drug safety data is collected.
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Pre-clinical development
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The main goals of pre-clinical studies are
to determine a product's ultimate safety
profile. Products may include new or
iterated or like-kind medical devices,
drugs, gene therapy solutions, etc.
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Pre-clinical development - Types of preclinical research
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Most pre-clinical studies must adhere to
GLPs in International Conference on
Harmonisation of Technical Requirements
for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for
Human Use|ICH Guidelines to be
acceptable for submission to regulatory
agencies such as the Food Drug
Administration in the United States.
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Pre-clinical development - No observable effect levels
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Based on pre-clinical trials, No Observable
Adverse Effect Levels (NOAEL) on drugs
are established, which are used to
determine initial phase 1 clinical trial
dosage levels on a mass Active
ingredient|API per mass patient basis.
Generally a 1/100 uncertainty factor or
safety margin is included to account for
interspecies (1/10) and inter-individual
(1/10) differences.
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Medical education in Jordan - The Pre-Clinical Stage
The integrated system pre-clinical
phase requires that the students are
assessed at the end of each course by
a series of multiple-choice
examinations
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