Transcript Alcohol - Solon City Schools

Alcohol
Where does it come from?
What type of drug is it?
Alcohol
• Alcohol- drug that is produced by a
chemical reaction in fruits, vegetables and
grains
• Depressants- drugs that slow down the
body’s functions and reactions
• the concentration of alcohol in a beverage
is the proof value
• Proof value = 2X percentage alcohol.
• E.g. 100 proof (whiskey) contains 50%
alcohol
ONE DRINK = 0.6 oz pure
alcohol
• 12 oz beer
• 5 oz wine
• 1.5 oz of a “shot’ 80 proof alcohol
• Current recommendations are:
– 1 drink/day for women
– 2 drinks/day for men
Alcohol Use Patterns in the USA
• 1/3 are abstainers
• 2/3 are drinkers
– 1/3 are light drinkers
– 1/3 are moderate/heavy drinkers
• 10% of the drinking population is
considered heavy drinkers- they are
responsible for 50% of all alcohol
consumption in the US!!!!!!!!!
• Annual Sales of alcohol average out to
roughly 2.3 gallons of absolute alcohol per
person
Alcohol use and TEENS
• Research has shown that alcohol use can
interfere with long and short term growth
• Can harm the brains ability to learn and
ability to remember
• Increases the risk of social problems,
depression, suicidal thoughts and violence
• Arrested, fined or sent to youth detention
• 1/3 of all teen traffic deaths are related to
alcohol
Vocabulary
• Binge Drinking- consumption of large
quantities of alcohol in short period of time (2
hours)
• 4 drinks for women
• 5 drinks for men
• Alcohol poisoning- dangerous condition that
results when a person drinks excessive
amount of alcohol over a short period of time
Absorption and Metabolism
• 20% rapidly absorbed into bloodstream
• 75 % through upper part of the small
intestine and the rest enters further along
in the intestinal tract.
• Metabolism of alcohol is in the liver.
• 2-10% is not metabolized but is excreted
through the sweat glands, lungs and
kidneys.
Vocabulary
• Intoxication- a person’s mental and
physical abilities have been impaired by
alcohol
• Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) – measure of
the amount of alcohol present in a
person’s blood
– .02% makes people feel light headed
– .08% enough to make it dangerous to drive
(legally intoxicated)
Factors that Affect Alcohol Absorption
• Strength of the beverage
• Number of drinks consumed
• Speed of consumption
• What you are mixing it with
• Presence of food in stomach
• Gender and body size
• Physical tolerance
• Body chemistry / General health
• Combining with other drugs
Blood Alcohol Concentration
• Percentage of alcohol in a measured
amount of blood
• Measured from exhaled breath or blood
sample
Possible consequences of
frequent alcohol use
Long Term Physical Effects
• Mouth: absorbed through lining which
goes directly to blood, increases mouth
and throat cancer
• Stomach: irritates lining and increase acid
causing swelling and ulcers which lead to
bleeding. Weakens the valve from
stomach to esophagus causing heartburn
Long Term Physical Effects
• Liver: if alcohol is frequently in blood, liver
cells die causing
Fatty Liver fat builds up in liver and cannot be
broken down
Cirrhosis- disease characterized by scarring and
eventual destruction of liver
Long Term Physical Effects
• Brain: disrupts parts of brain responsible
for memory and problem solving…unlike
many other kinds of cells, brain cells do
NOT grow back
• Heart: damages heart muscle, causing it
to weaken and enlarge which leads to
high BP. Increasing risk of congestive
heart failure and stroke
Normal
healthy liver
Liver with
cirrhosis
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
• Fetus is exposed to alcohol in a slower
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manner than an adult
Damage results in mental
retardation
Other characteristics are low birth weight,
facial abnormalities, widely spaced eyes, and
a much smaller head.
Full expression rate: 1-3 out of 1000 births
Partial expression rate: 3-9/100 births
FAS
Alcoholism- different patterns
• Regular daily intake of large amounts
• Regular heavy drinking limited to
weekends
• Long periods of sobriety interspersed with
periods of binge drinking lasting weeks or
months
• Heavy drinking limited to periods of stress