Transcript State of CA: Governing in the Information Age

State of California: Governing in the
Information Age
Invited as Keynote Speaker
Sacramento, CA
November 28, 2001
Larry Smarr
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD
Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology
Challenges of Emergency Preparedness
That the Future Internet Will Impact
• How Do We Know:
– The Detailed Current State of the System NOW?
– What the Future Evolution of the Situation is Likely to Be?
• How Can We Achieve:
– An Overall Situational Awareness?
– A Common Operational Picture?
• How Do We Communicate With:
– Crisis Managers?
– First Responders?
• How Can We Decide:
– Which Problem to Attack First?
– Which Assets Should Be Deployed Where and When?
Digital Government
Will Be on the Front Lines!
Governor Davis Has Initiated Four New
Institutes for Science and Innovation
California Institute for Bioengineering,
Biotechnology,
and Quantitative Biomedical Research
UCD
UCSF
Center for
Information Technology Research
in the Interest of Society
UCM
UCB
California
NanoSystems Institute
UCSC
UCSB
UCLA
UCI
California Institute for
Telecommunications and
Information Technology
UCSD
www.ucop.edu/california-institutes
Cal-(IT)2
An Integrated Approach to the Future Internet
220 UCSD & UCI Faculty
Working in Multidisciplinary Teams
With Students, Industry, and the Community
Partnered With Over 50 Companies
www.calit2.net
How Can the “Future Internet” Enhance
Capabilities for Emergency Preparedness?
• Enabled by Expansion of Internet Infrastructure
– Wireless Extends Coverage Everywhere
– Optical Backbone Provides High Bandwidth
– New Generation of Sensors and Receivers
• Three Tier System
– Wireless SensorNets Brings Data to Repositories
– Collaborative Crisis Management Centers
– Remote Wireless Devices Interrogate Databases
• Building a “Living-in-the-Future” Laboratory
– UCSD, UCI, and SDSU Campuses
– San Diego, Orange County, Cross Border
– Collaboration with City, County, and State Govts.
A Similar Layered Architecture is Needed for
Defense and Civilian Emergency Response
SPAWAR
Systems
Center
San Diego
www.ndia-sd.org/docs/NDIA_20June00.pdf
We Are About to Transition
to a Mobile Internet
Third Generation Cellular Systems
Will Add Mobility, QoS, and High Speeds
Subscribers (millions)
2,000
1,800
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
Mobile Internet
800
600
400
Fixed Internet
200
0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Source: Ericsson
2004
2005
Cellular Internet is Already Here
At Experimental Sites
• UCSD Has Been First Beta Test Site
– Qualcomm’s 1xEV Cellular Internet
• Optimized for Packet Data Services
– Uses a 1.25 MHz channel
– 2.4 Mbps Peak Forward Rate
– Part of the CDMA2000 Tech Family
– Can Be Used as Stand-Alone
• Chipsets in Development Support
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PacketVideo’s PVPlayer™ MPEG-4
gpsOne™ Global Positioning System
Bluetooth
MP3
MIDI
BREW
Rooftop HDR
Access Point
Cal-(IT)2 Is Working on Interoperability of
Wireless Internet LAN and WAN
6 months
Wireless WAN
All of 2001
Available Now
12 months
Wireless LANs
The FCC Unlicensed Band Can be
Used to Create a High Speed Wireless Backbone
• The High Performance
Wireless Research and
Education Network
• A Cal-(IT)2
Academic Partner
• Enabling a Broad Set of
Science Applications
NSF Funded
PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC
Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO
45mbps Duplex Backbone
• Enables Internet
Deployment to Remote
Locations
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/topo.html
HPWREN Project Demo of Fast Setup
Wireless Internet for Crisis Response
A Cal-(IT)2
Academic
Partner
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN/Slide26.JPG
Cal-(IT)2 Wireless Services Middleware:
Emerging Pieces
Cal-(IT)2 Applications
Cal-(IT)2 Wireless Services Interface
Data
Real-Time Power Location Mobile Security
Management
Services Control Awareness Code
UCI Wireless
Infrastructures
UCSD Wireless
Infrastructures
From Cal-(IT)2 Mobile Software Summit at UCI
J. Pasquale, UCSD
Integrating Wireless, Sensor and
Data-Management Technologies
Source: Graviton, a Cal-(IT)2 Partner
Cal-(IT)2 Plans
Environmental SensorNets
• Air and Water Pollution Sensor Development
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Lead is Michael Sailor, UCSD Chemistry
Initially Temperature, Humidity, CO
Later Add CO2, Ozone, NOx
Partnering with Graviton
• Wireless Internet Prototyping Sites
– UCSD Campus
– Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve
– Rapid Prototyping Site
– Linked to UCSD via HPWREN
The Wireless Internet Will Improve
the Safety of California’s 25,000 Bridges
New Bay Bridge Tower
with Lateral Shear Links
Cal-(IT)2 Will
Develop and Install
Wireless Sensor Arrays
Linked to
Crisis Management
Control Rooms
Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.
Real-Time Monitoring of Bridges
Through Wireless Internet
Local
Data Hub
Wireless
Internet
PC104
Control
Center
Users
Maria Feng
UCI Civil & Environmental Engineering
Caltrans
UCSD
UCI
Workstation
Sensor
Sensor
Sensor
Data-Loggers
Fleets of Cars
Will Become Wireless Sensor Platforms
• Cal-(IT)2 Autonet Concept
– Car Becomes a Mobile Internet, Peer-to-Peer Platform
– Enables Distributed Sensing, Computation, and Control
– Goal is Autonomous Distributed Traffic Control
• UC Irvine’s Institution of Transportation Studies
– Creating a ZEVNET “Living Laboratory”
– Initially 50 Toyota Zero Emission Electric Cars
– Cal-(IT)2 Adds GPS Tracking, Wireless
• Transforms UCI’s Caltrans Advanced Transportation
Management Systems Testbed into a Wireless
SensorNet Testbed
Source: Will Recker, UCI
Shrinking Flying Wireless Sensor Platforms:
From Predator to Biomimetic Robots
1 Inch
300 Inches
General Atomics Predator
(Air Force, CIA)
20 Inches
UC Berkeley Aerobot
(ARO, DARPA, ONR)
UC Berkeley
Micromechanical
Flying Insect Project
(DARPA, ONR)
UC Berkeley
29 Palms SensorWeb Experiment
• Goals
– Deploy a Sensor Network Onto a Road From an
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
– Detect and Track Vehicles Passing Through the Network
– Transfer Vehicle Track Information From the Ground
Network to the UAV
– Transfer Vehicle Track Information From the UAV to an
Observer at the Base Camp
Smart Dust – UC Berkeley
Cal-(IT)2 Plans for Adding Wireless Sensors
to Systems-on-Chip
Applications
Critical New Role of
Power Aware Systems
Sensors Embedded
Software
Processors
Memory
Protocol
Processors
Radio
DSP
Ad Hoc Hierarchical Network
of Brilliant Sensors
Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE; Rajesh Gupta, UCI ICS
Internet
Millions of Video Cameras
Are Attaching to the Net
• London Underground
– Initially 25,000 Video Cameras
– Expansion to 250,000 Possible
– British Transport Police Switch to Any Camera in 1 Sec.
– Source: Telindus
• British CCTV System
– Currently 2.5 Million CCTV Cameras Installed (NY Times)
– Average London Citizen is Seen by 300 Cameras Per Day
– Face Recognition Software Added in High Crime Areas
• Up to 6 Million Surveillance Cameras Across the USA
in 5-7 Years
– Privacy International Prediction
Agents Will Intermediate
Between Us and the Grid
Wireless UCI Campus Parking and Traffic Agent
Sharad Mehrotra, UCI
Camera
Video Feed of
Image
Parking Lot to
Processing /
Server
Analysis
Traffic Data
Handheld
Device
User Submits
Destination
Parking Lot
Query
Database
Repository
Parking Lot
and Traffic
Information
to User
However, Broad Debate Is Needed to Avoid
Citizen Revolt Against Privacy Violations
Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Control Rooms
are Needed for Managing Crisis Response
• Integrate
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Situational Awareness
Common Operational Picture
Local Data Warehouse with Remote Data Access
AI Data Mining of Distributed Databases
Spatial Data Analysis
Consequences Assessment Tool Set
Source: Panoram Technologies
Cal-(IT)2 Multi-Megapixel Displays
for Seismic and Geosciences Monitoring
Cal-(IT)2 / SIO / SDSC / SDSU
Building Metro Optical Laboratories to
Evaluate Emergency Preparedness Systems
• High Resolution
Visualization Facilities
SDSC UCSD
SIO
– Data Analysis
– Crisis Management
• Distributed Collaboration
– Optically Linked
– Integrate Access Grid
• Data and Compute
– PC Clusters
– AI Data Mining
• Driven by Data-Intensive
Applications
– Civil Infrastructure
– Environmental Systems
– Medical Facilities
Linking Control Rooms
Cox, Panoram,
SAIC, SBC, SGI, IBM,
TeraBurst Networks
UCSD Healthcare
SD Telecom Council
California’s CENIC is Providing
High Performance Optical Backbone Networks
TIER 1 RESEARCH FIBER CONNECTS
UCB
SF Colo
+2
UCD
HAY
+2
STAN
+2
PA Colo
+2
+2
1107
+2?
+2
UCLA
JPL
UCSB
Caltech
USC
+2
+2
+2
+2
+2
Riverside
1 Wilsh
WE
+2
+2
Irvine
+2
UCI
Proposed research fibers
Optional research fibers
SDSC
SDSC/UCSD
CENIC Optical Network Infrastructure
(ONI) Initiative
NSF
TeraGrid
Cal-(IT)2
Metro Optical
Testbed
From Telephone Conference Calls to
Access Grid International Video Meetings
Creating a Virtual Crisis Management Team
Using Broadband Optical Fiber
Access Grid Lead-Argonne
NSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab
Common Portal Architecture
Customized for Crisis Management
Web Browser - Portal Interface
State Values
Portal Engine
Analysis Tools:
- Pattern Recognition
- GIS Queries
- Data Mining
- Multi-Sensor Fusion
Data Gather
XML
User Preferences
HTML
Legacy and Problem Specific
Databases, Collections, & Literature
Applications:
- Epidemiology
- Transportation Systems
- ...
Built on Prior SDSC and NCSA Work
Mediation of Information Using XML
Allows Federation of Heterogeneous Databases
Source: Gupta, Marciano, Zaslavsky, & Baru (SDSC)
Data Mining Across Agency Stovepipes
Is an Essential Next Step
INFORMATION
SOURCES
CRIMINAL
JUSTICE
EMERGENCY
RESPONSE
Federal
State
Local
INTEGRATED
INTELLIGENCE
SYSTEM
PUBLIC
HEALTH
Cal-(IT)2 is Partnering With SAIC
On Emergency Preparedness
SECURITY
The Salt Lake City Olympics
SAIC Solution
GIS Based Crisis Management Software Tools-SAIC’s Consequences Assessment Tool Set (CATS)
• Prediction of Disaster Evolution
– Hurricane, Earthquake, Terror
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Casualty Distribution Probabilities
Response Management
Source: SAIC
CATS California Governmental Users
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Burbank Fire Department
Chino Valey Independent Fire District
City of Anaheim
City of Bakersfield Fire Department
Colton Police Department
Fremont Fire Department
Kern County Fire Dept
Idyllwild Fire Protection District
Kings County Fire Department
Livermore-Pleasanton Fire Department
Marin County Fire Department
Metro Water District of Southern CA
Red Bluff Police Department
Sacramento Reg. Fire/EMS Comm Center
San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Depart.
San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water
District
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San Diego County of Environmental
Health
San Diego County Health and
Human Services
San Diego County Office of Disaster
Preparedness
San Diego Fire and Life Safety
Services
San Diego Police Department
Shasta County Sherrif
Yuba City Fire Department
Integrate Remote Reconnaissance
with Satellite Imagery and Ground SensorNets
HOTLINKs for Damage Locations
using GPS and Digital Photos on GIS
Maria Feng
UCI Civil & Environmental Engineering
HPWREN Can Provide High Speed Wireless Internet
to Remote First Responders
California Department of Forestry and Fire Prevention
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN/Slide24.JPG
Handheld Devices Can Have
Supercomputers & Huge Databases “Inside Them”
802.11b Wireless
Interactive Access to:
• State of Computer
• Job Status
• Application Codes
Using Students to Invent the Future
of Widespread Use of Wireless PDAs
• Makes Campus “Transparent”
– See Into Departments, Labs, and Libraries
• Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment 2001-02
– 500+ Wireless-Enabled HP Pocket PC PDAs
– Incoming Freshmen in Computer Science and
Engineering
• Software Developed
– ActiveClass: Student-Teacher Interactions
– ActiveCampus: Geolocation and Resource Discovery
– Extensible Software Infrastructure for Others to Build On
• Deploy to New UCSD Undergrad College Fall 2002
– Sixth College Will be “Born Wireless”
– Theme: Art, Culture, and Technology
– Study Adoption and Discover New Services
Cal-(IT)2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabrielle Wienhausen
ActiveCampus Explorer:
PDA Roamer / FindMe Interface
Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD CSE
The 3rd Generation Cellular Infrastructure
Will Enable Broadband Personal Devices
3G Is Estimated to Grow From
1.3% of the Wireless Market in 2002
to 23% in 2007
Images
MMS
Text/Mail
Text/SMS
Source: Ericsson
Video
Download
Video
Steaming
Cross Linking Fixed and Mobile Video Cameras
--Making Collaboration Mobile
Researching the Use of Internet Robots
in Disaster Assistance
Computer Vision and Robotics Research Lab
Mohan Trivedi, UCSD
Heads Up Displays for First RespondersAugmented Reality Overlaying the Physical and Cyber Realities
Source: Virginia Tech/Univ. Illinois, MIT,
Univ Washington, UCSD