Transcript Power Point - Henry County Schools

Outline
http://tinyurl.com/mn245tl
Ethanol
1. The type of alcohol found
in alcoholic beverages
2. Can be made
synthetically
3. Produced by
fermentation
Fermentation
•The chemical action
of yeast on a sugar
source
Alcohol
It is classified as a
Depressant and slows
down the CNS
Intoxication
A. The physical and mental
impairment resulting from
the use of alcohol
B. The effects can range from
poor motor skills to death
Negative Impact on Teens
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school work
athletic performance
friendships
family relationships
career goals
unplanned
pregnancies
 Dating violence
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STD’s
Rape
Suicide
Homicide
One-half of all teens
die every year as a
result of alcohol or
other drug use
Why Do people drink?
Excitement
Friends (peer pressure)
Boredom
The feeling of getting by with
something
Fit in
Depression
What contributes to short term
effects?
Amount of Alcohol
consumed (the amount of
alcohol in each drink)
Size (Body Weight)
Stomach (have you eaten)
Gender (male or female)
Effects on the Brain
Alcohol reaches the brain
almost immediately even if the
effects are not obvious.
These effects include:
 Dulled memory
 Loss of motor co-ordination
 Adversely effects decision
making skills
Circulatory System Effects
• Blood carries alcohol to all parts of
the body including the heart, liver,
and brain.
• Alcohol causes the blood vessels to
dilate
• Results in increased blood flow
especially to the skin
Makes the skin feel flush
and warm
The increased blood flow
causes a false warmth and
the body looses heat by
radiation
•Body temperature actually
decreases
•Higher risk of Hypothermia
•Increase in heart rate and
blood pressure
•Lead to arrhythmias (abnormal
heart beats)
•Cause scar tissue to build up
in muscle fiber of the heart
•Risk of heart attack and
stroke are increased
Kidneys
Causes an increase in urine
production
Causes a person to feel
dehydrated the day after
drinking
Effect on the Stomach
•Immediately absorbed from the
stomach into the blood
•Increases the risk of stomach
cancer
•Food will not keep a person from
getting drunk
•Food in stomach slows the
absorption into the bloodstream
Liver
•Second largest organ (skin is
the first)
Acts to clear the blood of
drugs and poisonous
substances
Absorbs the substances and
makes them water soluble
Liver
•Excretes toxins as bile
• Bile is a yellowish green,
bitter fluid important in
the break down fats.
Effect on the Liver
Oxidizes alcohol
◦changes alcohol to water,
carbon dioxide, and energy
◦Can only oxidize 1 oz of
alcohol an hour
No way to speed up the
process
Alcohol keeps circulating in
the body until it has been
completely oxidized
Myths & Facts
•Myth
•a cold shower or black coffee
can speed up the process of
alcohol
Fact
Nothing speeds up the
process of oxidation
Chronic Liver Problems
Interferes with the liver’s
ability to break down fats
which results in a
condition known as Fatty
Liver
Chronic Liver Problems
Cirrhosis of the liver
◦A condition in which liver
tissue is destroyed and
then replaced with scar
tissue which reduces blood
flow that impedes liver
function
Hepatitis
An inflammation or infection
of the liver
Symptoms include:
1.weakness
2.jaundice
3.fever
4.can result in death
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
• a condition in which a fetus
is adversely affected by the
mother’s alcohol
consumption
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Babies
May Exhibit
Low Birth
Weights
Impaired
Speech
Cleft palates
Poor
coordination
Heart defects
General
weakness
•Slow body growth
•Facial Abnormalities
•Poor attention span
•Hyperactivity
•Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is
preventable
•does not occur in non
drinking mothers
Tolerance and Dependence
Tolerance to a drug begins
with regular use and causes
the person to need more of
the drug to achieve the
same feeling.
Patterns of Alcohol Abuse
• Binge Drinking
• Periodic excessive drinking
• Popular among high school and
college students
Alcohol poisoning
◦Dangerous toxic condition
that occurs when a person
drinks a large amount of
alcohol in a short period of
time.
◦Usually four times the legal limit
Alcohol + other drugs =
•mental and physical
impairment
•accidental deaths
**This includes OTC or Rx
drugs
Alcoholism
A physical and psychological
dependence on the drug
ethanol
Many alcoholics appear
clean orderly and well
groomed
Traits of the Alcoholic
•Alcoholics are unable to
stop drinking despite the
toll it takes on their health
and their lives
•People with alcoholism may
exhibit one of or a
combination of these
behaviors or traits
Stages of Alcoholism
•Three stages of alcoholism
1. Abuse
2. Dependence
3. Addiction
Abuse (Stage One)
•Typically begins with social
drinking, or trying to relax,
relieve stress, or depression
A physical or psychological
dependence on alcohol begins
to develop
The person begins to drink
regularly
Stage 1
(cont)
•Short term memory loss
•Black outs
•Begin to make excuses for
their drinking
Dependence (Stage Two)
• Gradually the person
reaches the point where
they cannot stop drinking
• Physical dependence
becomes evident
Addiction (Stage Three)
This is the final and worst
stage of the disease
Performance drops at
work/school and frequent
absences occur.
• Drink alone
• Drink everyday to satisfy
craving
• Makes excuses for drinking
• Blame others
• Defensive behavior
• Denial
•Isolate themselves from
family and friends
•Aggressive behavior
becomes more evident and
more violent
Malnutrition usually occurs
The person becomes mentally,
physically, emotionally, and
socially drained.
Delirium Tremens or DT’s begin
(when the drug is removed)
May develop a decreased or
“reversed tolerance”
◦Takes less alcohol to
produce the drunken state
◦Delirium Tremens or DT’s
begin (when the drug is
removed)
Symptoms of DT’s
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Cold/Hot Flashes
Severe tremors
nightmares
Hallucinations
Fear of people and animals
NEED MEDICAL TREATMENT
Long Term Effects of Drinking
Vitamin deficiencies
Stomach and skin
irregularities
Brain damage such as
memory loss, problem
solving ability
Treatment of Alcoholism
•Can not be cured but can be
treated
•Approximately 2/3 of
alcoholics recover
• Treatment is ongoing
Advertising & Alcohol
Portrayal of alcohol in
advertisements
◦Ads try to keep product name
prominent so people are
influenced when making a
decision
Effects of Advertising
The hidden message in adds
are that alcohol is needed to
be successful, romantic,
problem-free relationships,
working situations, and
recreational opportunities