Transcript Operation of Nullyfying and Aim

Operation of
Nullifying and
Eradication of
Avian
Influenza in
Mauritius
ONE --AIM
MAURITIUS
 Pearl shaped Island of Mauritius is 800 km
east of Madagascar between longitudes 57 18'
and 57 49‘ east, and latitudes 19 59' and 20 32'
south in Indian ocean.
 Total area- 1,865 sq. km, is 61 km long and 41
km wide at the extremes
 Area of Island of Rodrigues - 119 sq. km
 Total population – 1.2 million with growth rate of
1.3% per annum
LIVESTOCK SECTOR IN
MAURITIUS
 Total population into agriculture is 10.8 % of national
population i.e 0.1 million.
 Total Livestock GDP is 105 m $ which is 26.5% of total
agriculture GDP (395m $ and is 7.2% of total national
GDP.
 Mauritius has a large Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of
1.9 million km² rich in pelagic and deep-sea species of
fishes. Fishing industry contributes to 1% of GDP with
export of 130 m $ per annum.
Total livestock population
100000
90000
80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
pigs
cattles
goat
sheep
20000
27000
94000
7000
Poultry Industry in Mauritius
 Total poultry population is 1 million with
growth rate of 5.7 % p.a.
 Total poultry meat production is 29.4
metric tonnes with consumption of 25kg
/capita/year.
 Total egg production is 5.2 metric tonnes
with consumption of 5 kg/capita/year.
Animal Health in Mauritius
 Mauritius till date, is free from almost all of the acute disease
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mentioned in the list A of OIE, Paris which includes mainly :Highly pathogenic Avian Influenza.
Foot and mouth disease
Rinderpest
Blue tongue
Pestes des petitis ruminants
Swine vesicular disease
African horse sickness
Rift valley fever
Others zoonotic disease like Anthrax, Bovine spongiform
disease, Rabies.
National HPAI management
plan in Mauritius
 Animal health laboratory, Division of
Veterinary science is playing a
substantial and pivotal role in nullifying
and eradication of Avian influenza in
Mauritius with its strict vigilance,
serosurveillance, disease investigation
both at ports as well as inside the
country including backyard farmers, pet,
migratory and wild birds. Other activities
include as following -;
REGULAR
POST MORTEM
EXAMINATIONS
LAB DIAGNOSTIC
TESTS
SURVEILLANCE
OF
MIGRATORY
AND WILD
BIRDS
STRICT
VIGILANCE
AND
QUARANTINE
AT
SEA AND
AIR PORT
ANIMAL HEALTH
LABORATORY,
MAURITIUS
REGULAR
ON SITE
RAPID ANTIGEN
TESTING
AND
SEROSURVEILLANCE
OF SAMPLES
PREPARING
NATIONAL
CRISIS
MANAGMENT
PROGRAMME
SENSITIZING
THE BREEDERS
ABOUT
HPAI AND
BIOSECURITY
DIAOGNOSTICS AT ANIMAL
HEALTH LABORATORY
 THE AHL, DVS, CATERS ITS SERVICES TO
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MORE THAN 5,OOO SMALL, MEDIUM AND
LARGE COMMERCIAL POULTRY BREEDERS
CONSULTATION AND DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
AT AHL INCLUDES –
POST MORTEM EXAMINATION
BACTERIOLOGICAL & FUNGAL CULTURE
VIRUS CULTURE
SEROSURVEILLANCE
VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
DIAGNOSTICS
SPECIFICALLY FOR HPAI
 ELISA - Serosurveillance and monitoring of
serum samples of wild, migratory and poultry
birds for specific antibodies against HPAI.
 RAPID ANTIGEN TEST- this rapid test is done
with cloacal or treacheal swabs onsite/farm to
detect the presence of Avian Influenza virus
(LPAI & HPAI). It has specific monoclonal
antibody against AI virus and gives result in 30
min.
 Virus inoculation test is done in embryonated
eggs and further confirmation is done by
Haemoagglutination test.
 Immunodiffusion test is also used to detect
specific antibody against HPAI.
 AHL is shortly going to introduce diagnostic
test which are based on the identification of
viral nucleic acid using NASBA, Nucleic Acid
Sequence Based Amplification Technique.
 Mauritius has already banned the import of any
kind of live birds
NATIONAL CRISIS
COMMITTEE FOR HPAI
 A National crisis Committee comprising of different
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Ministries and major stakeholders both from the private
and public sectors has been set up to monitor and make
recommendations.
Principle Veterinary Officer chairs and regulates the
actions and recommendations of this committee.
Mauritius has already banned the import of any kind of
live birds or raw poultry meat since Jan 2004 just to
avoid any chance of entry of HPAI virus into the Island.
Random samples from migratory and wild birds from terre
rouge estuary and national parks are tested on almost
alternate days.
All samples till date tested for HPAI has shown negative
result confirming that island is free from AI virus.
FIELD ACTIONS
FOR SUSPECTED OUTBREAKS
 PVO and his team will directly go to the site to
conduct rapid tests on the farm, on suspicion
relevant samples will be collected and
dispatched to AHL as well as to reference
laboratory.
 The farm will be cordon off and quarantined
with help of Police till the confirmation of the
HPAI out break.
 An emergency meeting of the National crisis
management will be done under chairmanship
of PVO.
 The area of 3 km from the farm will declared as restricted
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area to prevent the disease.
All the personal of the farms will kept under the strict
quarantine control of the Ministry of the health.
A disease control center has been established to
coordinate the necessary field actions to control disease.
It comprises Ministry of Agriculture, Health, Environment,
Local govt. & Housing, police depts. & private stake
holders.
The main responsibility of the Disease Control Centre will
be to establish effective liaison with each department in
case of outbreaks and optimise human resource and to
appraise the authorities of the current situation.
PVO, chairman of National Crisis Committee with the
assistance of the press attaché of the Ministry will inform
the public and the media about the situation.
KILLING AND DISPOSAL OF
INFECTED FLOCKS
 Environmentally controlled house: stop fans, close off
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ventilation, infiltrate gas.
Small house: Seal house or remove birds into plastic
bags for gassing or dislocation of necks or euthanasia.
Gassing: CO2 (use 17, 5 kg/1000 m3). Birds need to be
exposed to an atmosphere of at least 30% carbon dioxide
to ensure loss of consciousness and then at least 70%
carbon dioxide to kill the birds. This concentration must
be maintained for at least 3 minutes.
Mechanical: eggs, chicks,
Disposal of birds will be carried out either by burial or by
incineration with permission of Ministry of Environment,
Local government and Housing. The burial sites will be
thourghly disinfected with suitable virocidal chemicals.
 Serological testing and Continuous surveillance of all
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poultry premises should take place within the Control
Area.
Surveillance involves physical inspection of poultry for
clinical signs of avian influenza, increased mortality and
serological and cloacal swabs sampling.
Serological and cloacal samples should be tested by
means of the ELISA, HI, AGID and rapid antigen test.
Ring vaccination of the birds with inactivated killed
vaccine beyond the 3 km of the outbreak.
No repopulation until authorised by the crisis committee.
To notify the OIE about the outbreak.
COMPENSATION
TO POULTRY BREEDRS
 Compensation arrangements where poultry
breeders or other concerned people can be
paid fair and quick compensation for any
animals or other property destroyed as part of a
strategy of disease control . This issue is being
taken up at Government level and very soon we
will get some fruitful results.
 Restocking of the flock at infected premises will
be totally under the vigilance and control of
Principle Veterinary Officer.
WE LOOK FORWARD TO
YOU FOR ANY
SUGGESTION AND
CONSTRUCTIVE DISCUSION
ON OUR ONE –AIM
AND NATIONAL CRISIS
COMMITTEE.
THANKING YOU
ALL
FOR BEING NICE
VIEWERS AND
GIVING YOUR VALUABLE
TIME AND SUGGETIONS.