Transcript How is Pullorum Disease spread? - 4

What’s New for Poultry
Exhibitors in 2014?
Created by: Dr. Lora Davis
Presented by: Michele Gill
Washington State Department of Agriculture
Pullorum-Typhoid Testing
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What is pullorum-typhoid??
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Pullorum Disease and Fowl Typhoid are
both diseases in poultry and game
birds
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Pullorum disease is most important in
the United States
Pullorum-Typhoid Testing
How does testing affect 4-H and
other poultry exhibitors??
 A new law passed: all birds going to
shows need to be tested for pullorumtyphoid (P-T)
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Pullorum-Typhoid Testing
But Why??
 I’ve never heard of Pullorum
disease in Washington state!!
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BACKGROUND…
First we need to understand Pullorum Disease
What Causes Pullorum Disease?
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Caused by a bacteria
Salmonella pullorum
 Disease
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of baby chicks
7-10 days of age
What signs do you see in birds
with Pullorum Disease?
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White diarrhea
Pasted vent
Huddle together
Lameness
Difficulty breathing
Blindness
Nearly all chicks with Pullorum Disease die
Chicks that survive can carry the disease
Disease in Adult ‘Carriers’
Drop in egg production
 Low fertility or hatchability
 Sometimes have
diarrhea
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How is Pullorum Disease
spread?
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Salmonella bacteria in adult ‘Carrier’
birds will pass to the egg
How is Pullorum Disease
spread?
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Baby chicks hatch and become sick
days later
How is Pullorum Disease
spread?
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Sick baby chicks spread the bacteria
to other chicks
Before you know it, the entire
chick flock is infected!
How is Pullorum Disease
spread?
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Salmonella can also contaminate the
environment and continue to spread
the disease
How Do You Treat Pullorum Disease?
A Lesson in Pullorum
History
 1930’s… ~70 years ago, Pullorum
Disease killed a lot of poultry
 Prevented farmers from raising chickens
National Poultry
Improvement Plan
 Poultry farmers developed a plan to eliminate
Pullorum Disease in
the U.S.
 Test for carriers
 ~20 years later the
disease was
eliminated in
commercial flocks
NPIP and Pullorum
Disease Today
 Today –
Pullorum Disease still exists in the U.S.!
 1990 – last outbreak in commercial poultry
 2002 & 2004 – most recent reported
outbreaks in small producer flocks
Pullorum in
Washington State
 Washington State: Last Pullorum bacteria
isolated in 1987 from Yakima County
 Washington is an NPIP ‘Pullorum-Clean
State’
 Required for movement of poultry into
other states!
How can I meet the new
requirements?
1.
Birds can be bought from an NPIP
participating flock
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2.
Keep and present receipt at fair
Birds can be tested prior to the show
Test results good for 90 days
 Present test certificate at the fair
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3.
Birds can be tested at the show
Who Are We??
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The Washington State Department
of Agriculture (WSDA):
8 Divisions
25 different programs
support the agricultural community
 protect consumers and the environment
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Division of Animal Health
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Avian HealthVeterinarian
Dr. Lyndon Badcoe
Avian Health Program
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Michele Gill - coordinator
QUESTIONS AND DISCUSSION