Transcript Lecture 1 - Institute for Chemistry

Biological
and Bioorganic
Chemistry
Meet the Lecturer
Dr. Denis Svechkarev,
PhD in Organic Chemistry
Associate Professor,
Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemistry,
Kharkov V. N. Karazin National University
Senior Researcher,
Department of Physical Organic Chemistry,
Institute for Chemistry at
Kharkov V. N. Karazin National University
Simple way to success
Respect the subject, as well as those who are working to
improve your knowledge.
Attend the lectures – this is your main source of
knowledge.
Take good, concise lecture notes.
Use of cell phones in the lecture room or lab is
strictly prohibited! If you need to make a call – wait
until the end of the class. If it’s really urgent – leave the
room, make a call and then come back.
I will not tolerate with any demonstration of
disrespect or any violation of discipline!
Some useful material
niichem.univer.kharkov.ua/physorg
chemlaba.wordpress.com
What shall we do?
Feb 14
Introduction to organic and biological chemistry. Classes and
nomenclature of organic compounds. Saturated and unsaturated
hydrocarbons. SR and AdE reactions.
Feb 21
Aromatic hydrocarbons. Orientation in the aromatic ring. Halogen
derivatives of hydrocarbons. SN reacions. Alcohols, ethers.
Polyhydric alcohols.
Feb 28
Carbonyl compounds – aldehydes and ketones. Carbohydrates.
Mar 7
Carboxylic acids and their derivatives: amides, nitriles,
anhydrides. Esters, fats.
Mar 14
Amines, aminoacids, peptides. Heterocyclic compounds and their
biological activity.
Main principles of
organic chemistry
Organic vs. Inorgaic
Power of life and vitalism
AgNCO + NH4Cl →
(NH2)2CO + AgCl
Theory of chemical structure
Alexander Butlerov
Eminent Russian chemist, one
of the founders of the theory of
chemical structure. First
scientist to introduce double
bonds in structural formulae.
Intermediate particles
Classification of organic compounds
Classification of organic compounds
 Halogen derivatives
 Oxygen-containing:
 Alcohols & ethers
 Aldehydes & ketones
 Carboxylic acids & esters
 Nitrogen-containing:
 Amines
 Nitriles
 Mixed:
 Aminoacids
 Peptides
 Nitro compounds
…
Alkanes
Structure and formulae
Naming alkanes
CnH2n+2
Naming branched-chain alkanes
Isomerism of alkanes
How to obtain alkanes
Chemical properties of alkanes
Chemical properties of alkanes
Radical substitution - SR
Cycloalkanes
CnH2n
Chemical properties of cycloalkanes
Small cycles show some particular properties:
Unsaturated
hydrocarbons
Structure of alkenes: σ- and π-bonds
Naming alkenes
CnH2n
Naming branched-chain alkenes
Isomerism of alkenes
Isomerism of alkenes
Addition to the double bond – AdE reactions
Markovnikov rule
Structure of alkynes: σ- and π-bonds
Naming and properties of alkynes
CnH2n-2
Naming branched-chain alkynes
Isomerism of alkynes
 triple bond position in alkyne molecule
 carbon skeleton branching
 interclass isomerism:
 alkadienes
 cycloalkenes
Synthesis and reactions of alkynes