Transcript Coal is Formed From Decaying Organisms.

Organic and
Biochemical
Compounds
What Is An Organic
Compound?
 Compound that contains carbon and hydrogen
atoms covalently bound together.
 Because they have four valence electrons
they bind with many other elements to form
branched and complex molecules.
 Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that are
primarily composed of hydrogen and carbon.
 Since hydrogen-carbon bonds contain a lot of
energy hydrocarbons make excellent fuels.
Coal is Formed From
Decaying Organisms.
 Organic debris from dead organisms falls to
the bottom of the ocean and over millions of
years is compressed and eventually coal is
formed.
 Coal that has been compressed under very high
pressure and temperatures becomes diamond.
 Diamond is the hardest natural substance on the planet
 Methane gas is also formed.
 Methane is also called natural gas
Alkanes, Alkenes and
Alkynes
 Alkanes
 Organic compounds with a single bond
between the carbons.
 Alkenes
 Organic compounds with a double bond
between the carbons.
 Alkynes
 Organic compounds with a triple bond
between the carbons.
Alcohols
 Alcohols have a hydroxyl group (OH)
 This makes them soluble in water.
 Alcohols and in an “ol”
 Ethanol
 Methanol
CH 3CH2OH
CH3OH
Polymers
 Polymers are repeating subunits.
 “Poly” means many
 One of the subunits is called a monomer.
 Polyethylene- plastics (many ethanes hooked together).
 Natural Polymers
 Rubber, wood, cotton, wool, starch, carbohydrates, protein,
DNA.
 Man made polymers are either plastics or fibers.
 Plastics can be molded.
 Fiber form long thin strands.
 Polypropylene can be made of both plastic and fibers.
Elasticity of a Polymer is
Determine by its Structure
 Polyethene is composed of noodle like
chains. When crushed the material does
not return to its original shape because it
is not elastic.
 Bumpers of a car.
 Rubber is a polymer that is composed of
net like structure of these fibers and is
elastic.
Biochemical Compounds
 Carbohydrates
 Made of repeating monomers called monosaccharide.
 Polymers
 Starch, cellulose and glycogen
 Proteins
 Made up of repeating monomers called amino acids.
 Trptopan, phenylalanine
 Nucleic Acids
 Made up of repeating units call nucleotides.
 DNA, RNA, ATP