Transcript 22-4 Other Reactions of Organic Compounds

22-4 Other Reactions of Organic
Compounds
Elimination Reactions
•Elimination reactions remove a substance from
adjacent carbons to form double or triple bonds.
•Dehydrogenation reactions remove hydrogens to
increase the bond to a double or triple bond.
•dehydrogenation
hydrogenation
Addition Reactions
• Dehydration remove H and OH from adjacent carbons
to form a double or triple bond.
• See pg 804 for a Summary of Addition Reactions.
• Catalysts are usually required to make reactions
occur…catalysts lower activation energy and are not
used up.
More Addition Reactions
• Examples of
addition reactions
…hydrogenation
• Hydration
• Halination
Oxidation Reduction Reactions
• Oxidation to form
alcohols…
• Steps of oxidation
from alcohols…to…
Reduction
Addition of hydrogen/hydrogenation
22-5 Polymers
• Polymers are large molecules composed of smaller links
called monomers.
• Addition polymerization…all original atoms and molecules
are preserved in the final product.
• Condensation polymers…a small molecules leaves to make
room for the new polymer connections…like dehydration
reactions in amino acids.
Properties of Recycling of
Polymers
• Thermoplastic polymers can be melted and
reformed into new products.
• Thermosetting polymers is one that can be
molded when it is first melted, but not re-melted
and formed…they have become a ‘single’
molecule.
Recycling of Plastics
• Currently about 5% of plastics are
recycled.
Types of Plastic Recycling