Transcript dennis-power-point

A SEMINAR PRESENTATION
ON
CURRENT ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY; POTENTIAL
APPLICATIONS, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ETHICAL
IMPLICATIONS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
BY
ONYEJESI CHUKWUEBUKA PRINCE DENNIS
20111778325
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
APRIL, 2016
INTRODUCTION
The field of medical, agricultural, forensic,
industrial and pharmaceutical biotechnology is
constantly changing and advancing and new
ethical
issues
emerge
regularly.
This
presentation aims to give an update on current
advances in biotechnology, their applications
and
their
social,
economic
implications in sub-saharan Africa.
and
ethical
WHAT IS BIOTECHNOLOGY?
The term “biotechnology” was coined
in 1919 by Karl Ereky, Hungarian
engineer.
Biotechnology is the use of living
organisms or their products to generate
useful products that will be beneficial
for man and his environment.
Biotechnology is a branch of study that
deals with the application of the
knowledge of biological sciences to
procuring solutions to technological
problems. The reverse definition is also
correct, being also the application of
technological solutions to biological
problems.
THE MAJOR BRANCHES
CURRENT ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
FIG.1: REGENERATIVE
MEDICINE
FIG.4: TISSUE ENGINEERING
FIG.2: NOVEL VACCINES
FIG.5: TEA(Camellia sinensis)
FIG.3: GOLDEN RICE
FIG.6: BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
CURRENT ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY CONTD
FIG.8: GLO FISH
FIG.6: TERMINATOR SEED
FIG.7: BIOTECH COSMETICS
SOURCE: www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/search
retrieved on 24th March, 2016.
CURRENT STATE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
1ST GENERATION
BIOTECHNOLOY
2ND GENERATION
BIOTECHNOLOGY
3RD GENERATION
BIOTECHNOLOGY
• SOMALIA
• NIGERIA
• EGYPT
• ERITREA
• GHANA
• SOUTH-
• BURUNDI
• TANZANIA
• SUDAN
• ZAMBIA
• KENYA
• ETHIOPIA
• ZIMBABWE
AFRICA
• NAMIBIA
SOURCE: www.gettyimages.com/photos/sub-sahara--africa
retrieved on 23rd March, 2016
POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
The application of biotechnology to the human
health sector
The application of
Plant/Agricultural sector
biotechnology
to
the
The application of biotechnology to the food and
beverage sector
The application of biotechnology to the industrial
sector
Application of biotechnology to the environmental
sector
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
 The
use of GMP or crops to increase sustainable food
production
 Biological control of pests using plant growth
promoting rhizo-bacterial(PGPR)
 Production of plants that can withstand drought, high
salinity and biotic stress
Production of crops with longer shelf life
Production of crops with better nutritional value
Development of accurate, fast, cheap diagnostics
systems.
SOCIAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
 Violation
of natural organism.
 Disappearance of local seed variety.
The risk of harming the organism.
The risk of changing the ecosystem.
Rejection.
Ground-breaking discoveries are being made to fight
diseases, improve food production, clean up the environment,
and make manufacturing more efficient and profitable. It is
imperative that whatever we do as Scientists, Politicians or
Business men, that we have a moral duty to ensure that the
planet is not left in a worst condition than we inherited it and
that we conserve the legacy of the past so that future
generations might have access to it, most especially the subsaharan Africa.