Transcript Principals of Flowering Plants Taxonomy BOT 222

Dr. Najat Abdulwahab Bukhari
Lecture 14
University Vision and Mission

Vision:
To be a world-class university and a leader in
developing Saudi Arabia’s knowledge economy

Mission:
To provide students with a quality education,
conduct valuable research, serve the
national and international societies and
contribute to Saudi Arabia’s knowledge
economy through learning, creativity, the use
of current and developing technologies and
effective international partnership.
College of science vision and Mission
Vision:
To be a leader in basic science, its applications and
culture to contribute to building the knowledge
society.
Mission:
To offer study programs and developed research
projects capable of providing society with
knowledge and trained personnel through a
stimulating environment for learning, creativity and
scientific research with continuing quality to ensure
optimal use of technology and general partnership.
Botany department Vision and
Mission
Vision:
upgrading the academic and research to keep pace
with scientific progress and requirements of society.
Mission:
Development of Academic process and develop
scientific research through strategic planning and a
clear vision for science and technology at the country
level. As well as training of national cadres, and the
introduction of a methodology developed to meet the
different needs of society, and to serve the various
research and developmental projects in the community
Orders and families of
Angiosperme
Dicotyledoneae:
Class dicotyledoneae

Dicotyledoneae are a group of flowering plants
whose seed typically has two embryonic leaves
or cotyledons.

Modern classification systems division consider
dicotyledons as the oldest group of the flowering
plants because they include primitive plants,
which was found as fossils between rocks from
the medium geological age.

Dicotyledons is either herbs, shrubs or trees
which characterized by the following :
1. Leaves has scattered vascular bundles, the
veins arise pinnately from a single mid vein and
subdivide into veinlets to form a complicated
network.
2. flowers are “Trimerous” , the flower parts are
multiples of four or five”.
3. Stems vascular bundles are in rings.
4. Pollen :Dicotyledoneae have pollen with three
or more pores set in furrows called colpi.
5. Seeds: The embryo of the dicot has two halves.
The number of orders and species for the
dicotyledons class differ in each classification
system.
In the system of Engler 258 species
distributed among the 44 orders, while the
number in the system of Hutchinson 264
species distributed between 76 orders, but
Pusey dividing the dicotyledons to 255 and
22 orders.
‫‪Dicotyledoneae Class guide‬‬
‫‪according to Engler system:‬‬
‫(‪ARCHICHLAMYDEAE )1‬‬
‫ازهار عارية او لها غالف واحد او غالفين ‪ ،‬والغالف الداخلي‬
‫منفصل‪.‬‬
‫‪ ___1‬االزهار عاريه ليس لها غالف‪.‬‬
‫‪ ___2‬السيقان ظاهرة العقد مضلعه مثل األكوزيتم والبويضة لها‬
‫‪Verticillatae‬‬
‫‪ 20‬او اكثر من األكياس الجنينية‬
‫‪ ___2‬البويضة لها كيس جنيني واحد‬
‫‪ ___3‬النباتات أعشاب ‪ ،‬الزهرة خنثى ‪ ،‬النوره سنبلة‬
‫‪Piperales‬‬
‫‪ ___3‬النباتات أشجار ‪ ،‬الزهرة وحيدة جنس والنورة عادة هراية‬
‫(‪ )2‬تحت الصف ملتحم البتالت‬
‫‪___7‬البتالت ملتحمة‬
‫‪___21‬المتاع علوي‬
‫‪Ericales‬‬
‫‪___22‬األسديه ليست فوق بتلية‬
‫‪___23‬األسدية تقابل البتالت‬
‫‪___24‬المبيض غرفة واحدة‬
‫‪___25‬الوضع المشيمي مركزي سائب ‪Primulales‬‬
‫‪___25‬الوضع المشيمي قاعدي (بويضه واحدة)‬
‫‪Plumbaginales‬‬
‫‪Ebenales‬‬
‫‪___24‬المبيض (‪ )5-2‬غرف‬
‫‪___23‬األسديه متبادل مع البتالت‬
‫‪___26‬البتالت ملونه والثمرة ليست علبه حقيه‬
‫‪___27‬البتالت ملتفه ‪ ،‬المبيض كربلتان سائبتان او ملتحمتان ‪،‬‬
‫‪Coniortae‬‬
‫واألسديه متصله بقاعدة التويج‬
‫‪SYMPETALAE‬‬
‫‪___27‬البتالت متراكبه والكرابل ملتحمه واألسديه متصلة بفوهة‬
‫‪Tubi florae‬‬
‫األنبوبه التويجيه‬
‫‪___26‬البتالت غير ملونه غشائيه والثمرة علبه حقية‬
‫‪Plantaginales‬‬
‫‪___21‬المتاع سفلي‬
‫‪Rubiales‬‬
‫‪___28‬األسديه سائبه ‪ ،‬األوراق متقابلة‬
‫‪___28‬األسديه ملتحمه ‪ ،‬الوراق متبادلة‬
‫المشيمي‬
‫والوضع‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪___29‬الكرابل‬
‫جداري ‪Cucurhitales‬‬
‫‪___29‬الكرابل عادة ‪ 2‬والوضع المشيمي محوري او‬
‫بويضه واحدة في وضع مشيمي قمي او قاعدي‬
‫‪Campanulaceae‬‬
‫‪___23‬األسدية تقابل البتالت‬
‫‪___24‬المبيض غرفة واحدة‬
‫‪___25‬الوضع المشيمي مركزي سائب ‪Primulales‬‬
‫‪___25‬الوضع المشيمي قاعدي (بويضه واحدة)‬
‫‪Plumbaginales‬‬
‫‪Ebenales‬‬
‫‪___24‬المبيض (‪ )5-2‬غرف‬
‫‪___23‬األسديه متبادل مع البتالت‬
‫‪___26‬البتالت ملونه والثمرة ليست علبه حقيه‬
‫‪___27‬البتالت ملتفه ‪ ،‬المبيض كربلتان سائبتان او ملتحمتان ‪،‬‬
‫‪Coniortae‬‬
‫واألسديه متصله بقاعدة التويج‬
‫‪___27‬البتالت متراكبه والكرابل ملتحمه واألسديه متصلة بفوهة‬
‫‪Tubi florae‬‬
‫األنبوبه التويجيه‬
‫‪___26‬البتالت غير ملونه غشائيه والثمرة علبه حقية‬
‫‪Plantaginales‬‬
‫‪___21‬المتاع سفلي‬
‫‪Rubiales‬‬
‫‪___28‬األسديه سائبه ‪ ،‬األوراق متقابلة‬
‫‪___28‬األسديه ملتحمه ‪ ،‬الوراق متبادلة‬
‫‪___29‬الكرابل ‪ 3‬والوضع المشيمي‬
‫جداري ‪Cucurhitales‬‬
‫‪___29‬الكرابل عادة ‪ 2‬والوضع المشيمي محوري او‬
‫بويضه واحدة في وضع مشيمي قمي او قاعدي‬
‫‪Campanulaceae‬‬
Order VERTICELLATEAE
CASUARINAGEAE
Fam.
Order PEPERALES
PIPERACEAE FAM.
Order SALICALES
SALICACEAE Fam.
Order URTICALES
MORACEAE Fam.
 URTICACEAE Fam.

Order PROTEALES
PROTEACEAE Fam.
Order SANTALALES
SANTALACEAE Fam.
Order ARISTOLOCHIALES
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE Fam.
Order POLYGONALES
POLYGONACEAE Fam.
Order CENTROSPERMAE
This order contains ten
families differ greatly in
the nature of the flower
and the number of
stamens
CHENOPODIACEAE Fam.

Order CENTROSPERMAE
CHENOPODIACEAE
2. AMARANTHACEAE
3. NYCTAGINACEAE
4. PHYTOLACCACEAE
5. AIZOACEAE
6. PORTULACACEAE
7. CARYOPHIYLLACEAE
1.
Order RANALES

This order contains large number of species
can be divided into two groups:

Woody, with tissue contain oily cells
(Magnoliaceae ، Lauraceae Annonaceae )

Herbs : tissue does not contain oily cells
(Ranvnculaceae
،
Nymphaeaceae
Berberidaceae Ceratophyllaceae ).