Transcript Plants - colecompositescience

Classification of Plants
A plant can be divided into 3 parts
Types of Stems
• Tree –
– one main woody
stem
– Usually over 3
meters tall
• Shrub
– Multiple woody
stems
– Normally under 3
meters tall
Types of Stems
• Vine
– No supporting stem
– Woody or non-woody
• Herbaceous
– Non-woody
– Grasses, bamboo
Types of Roots
• Fibrous
– no root grows larger
than another
– can have up to 14
million roots (i.e. rye
grass)
– Help prevent
erosion
– Examples: grasses,
marigolds,
Types of Roots
• Taproots
– Primary root grows
larger than
secondary roots
– Makes it harder to
pull them from the
ground
– Examples include
carrots, dandelions,
beets and radishes
Types of Roots
• Rhizomes
– usually underground,
horizontal stem of a
plant that often sends
out roots and shoots
from its nodes.
– may also be referred
to as creeping
rootstalks, or
rootstocks
• Stolons
– similar to a rhizome,
but exists above
ground, sprouting
from an existing stem.
Types of Roots
• Tuber
– thickened part of a
stolon that has been
enlarged for use as a
storage organ.
• Corm
– short, vertical, swollen
underground stem of a
plant that serves as a
storage organ to enable
the plant to survive
winter or other adverse
conditions such as
summer drought and
heat
Leaves
• The leaf is a plant
organ specialized
for photosynthesis
• Starts at the axillary
bud
Leaf Form
Simple
Compound
One blade per
leaf
Multiple blades or leaflets per
leaf
Leaf Arrangement
Compound Leaflet Arrangement
Compound Leaflet Arrangement
Plant Kingdom
Non-flowering
Plants
Flowering
Plants
. 3 groups
Non - flowering Plants
Mosses
Ferns
Gymnosperms
Do NOT produce flowers
Examples of Mosses
Spore-producing capsule
spores
Characteristics of Mosses
.Simplest plants
.No true roots, No vascular tissues (no transport)
.Simple stems & leaves
.Have rhizoids for anchorage
.Spores from capsules (wind-dispersal)
.Damp terrestrial land
A leaf (finely
divided into
small parts)
underground
stem
root
Characteristics of Ferns
.roots, feathery leaves & underground stems
.have vascular tissues (transport & support)
.Spore-producing organ on the underside of
leaves (reproduction)
.Damp & shady places
needle-shaped leaves
Male cones
(in clusters)
Female cones
(scattered)
Characteristics of Gymnosperms
.tall evergreen trees
.roots, woody stems
.needle-shaped leaves
.vascular tissues (transport)
.cones with reproductive
structures
.naked seeds in female cones
.dry places
Question and Answer Pairs
• Take one minute to develop a question
over the material you just learned.
• Then, see if you can stump your
partner!
. 2 groups
Flowering
Plants
Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons
.
roots, stems, leaves
.
vascular tissues (transport)
.
flowers, fruits (contain seeds)
Monocotyledons
Parallel veins
Characteristics of Monocotyledons
. one seed-leaf
. leaves have parallel veins
. herbaceous plants
. e.g. grass, maize
Dicotyledons
Veins in network
Characteristics of Dicotyledons
.
two seed-leaves
.
leaves have veins in network
.
e.g. trees, sunflower, rose
Drill Partners
• With your neighbor, drill each other on
the differences between monocots and
dicots until you are both certain you
can remember them.
Plant Classification
Plants
Non-flowering
Sporebearing
No
roots
Mosses
with
roots
Ferns
Naked
seeds
Gymnosperms
Flowering
1 seedleaf
Monocots
2 seedleaves
Dicots
Ticket Out the door
• List three important facts you learned
today.