Transcript classificationhlinka

Classification Notes
7th grade
Hlinka Science
What is classification??
Grouping according to similar characteristics
All Living Things are Classified !!
How do you use classification?
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Ex. Different places in the kitchen for plates,
cups, silverware, etc…
Movies, music, people… Everything
Everyone uses classification all the time, not
just biologists.
Taxonomy
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The science of classifying organisms
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Who is the founder of the classification
system we use today?
Carlos Linnaeus
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The scientist who
invented our system of
taxonomy we use today.
It is called a hierarchical
classification.
He used Latin to
describe species, which
is what we still use
today (that is why we
italicize scientific
names!)
Linnaeus vs. Today
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Linnaeus grouped plants based on reproductive
characteristics
Now we group plants based on phylogeny
Phylogeny=Evolutionary history, or how the plants
are related by genetic analysis
We use genetics to figure out how plants are related.
In Linnaeus’s day, scientists did not know what
evolution was or what DNA and genetics was.
This is how science works!
Why do we need classification?
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COMMUNICATION !!
Scientists can not communicate if they
can not understand one another.
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Gato - Spanish
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Chat - French
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Katze - German
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Cat - English
Hierarchical Classification
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It starts very broad and gets more specific
7 hierarchies in our system:
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Kingdom
Phylum (Division)
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Very broad
Very specific
REMEMBER!!!
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Kings
Prefer
Coke
Over
Flavored
Grape
soda
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Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
species
The 6 Kingdoms
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Kingdoms are the largest division-all organisms are
in one of the 6 kingdoms
Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protists
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Six Kingdom Model
Archebacteria
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria: most live in extreme
conditions - very hot, acidic/basic, sulfurous, etc.
Eubacteria: True Bacteria
Protists
Amoeba
Paramecium
Water Mold
Euglena
Giardia
Slime Mold
Dinoflagellates Green Algae
Brown Algae
Diatom
Fungi
Plant
Bryophyte
(Moss)
Pteridophyte
(Fern)
Pteridophyte
(Fern)
Coniferophytes
(Pine Trees)
Angiosperm;
Dicot
Angiosperm;
Monocot
KINGDOM: ANIMALIA
KINGDOM: ANIMALIA
Let’s classify. . .
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Here is the classification for a Lion
Kingdom: Animalia (animal kingdom)
Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrates)
Class: Mammalia (mammals)
Order: Carnivora (carnivores)
Family: Felidae (cats)
Genus: Panthera
Species: Panthera leo
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Remember !!
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Here is the classification for a Lion
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Kingdom: Animalia (animal kingdom)
Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrates)
Class: Mammalia (mammals)
Order: Carnivora (carnivores)
Family: Felidae (cats)
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Genus: Panthera
Species: Panthera leo
ALL LEVELS ARE
CAPITOLIZED
EXCEPT THE species
name
Only Genus and species
are italicized
Animals can belong to same
Genus, but not species
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Dog - Canis familiaris
Wolf - Canis lupis
Coyote - Canis latians
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Dichotomous keys
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What is a dichotomous key?
A step-by-step guide to identify an organism
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Each step gives a choice of two descriptions.
The descriptions have to be opposites
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Ex. Leaves round vs. leaves not round
Try your hand…
http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/activities/bdol/dragdrop/BDOL17.html?iRef
=17&iChapter=17&book=bio2000
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/nature/classifying-life.html
http://www.oplin.org/tree/index.html