Transcript Take notes on the slides. Make sure your diagram is labeled through

Take notes on the slides. Make sure
your diagram is labeled through the
last slide here. Test over digestive
system is on Thursday—will be over
diagram and the functions of the
digestive system parts.
• Stomach: A saclike part of the alimentary
canal in which food is stored.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Stomach: A saclike part of the alimentary
canal in which food is stored.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Stomach: A saclike part of the alimentary
canal in which food is stored.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Cells in the stomach wall release a chemical
gastric juice (Pepsin – enzyme) and thick
slippery mucous to protect stomach.
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• Cells in the stomach wall release a chemical
gastric juice (Pepsin – enzyme) and thick
slippery mucous to protect stomach.
– Pepsin contains hydrochloric acid.
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• The stomach churns the food (mechanical)
while the gastric juices break down the food
chemically. (Smooth Muscle)
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• Heartburn / upset stomach is that acid making
its way up the esophagus.
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• Heartburn / upset stomach is that acid making
its way up the esophagus.
– Antacid tablets help to neutralize the acid with a
base.
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• Heartburn / upset stomach is that acid making
its way up the esophagus.
– Antacid tablets help to neutralize the acid with a
base.
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• Heartburn / upset stomach is that acid making
its way up the esophagus.
– Antacid tablets help to neutralize the acid with a
base.
Acid
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• Heartburn / upset stomach is that acid making
its way up the esophagus.
– Antacid tablets help to neutralize the acid with a
base.
Acid
Base
Gastric Juices
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• The Pyloric valve is a strong ring of smooth
muscle that lets food pass from the stomach
to the duodenum.
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• How long does gum stay in your stomach if
you swallow it?
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• How long does gum stay in your stomach if
you swallow it?
– A.) Your entire life?
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• How long does gum stay in your stomach if
you swallow it?
– A.) Your entire life?
– B.) 7 years
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• How long does gum stay in your stomach if
you swallow it?
– A.) Your entire life?
– B.) 7 years
– C.) 7 months
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• How long does gum stay in your stomach if
you swallow it?
– A.) Your entire life?
– B.) 7 years
– C.) 7 months
– D.) A few hours
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• How long does gum stay in your stomach if
you swallow it?
– A.) Your entire life?
– B.) 7 years
– C.) 7 months
– D.) A few hours
– E.) It digests immediately
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• How long does gum stay in your stomach if
you swallow it?
– A.) Your entire life?
– B.) 7 years
– C.) 7 months
– D.) A few hours
– E.) It digests immediately
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• How long does gum stay in your stomach if
you swallow it?
– A.) Your entire life?
– B.) 7 years
– C.) 7 months
– D.) A few hours
– E.) It digests immediately
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Gum, like most materials, passes through your
stomach and into your intestine.
• Gum, like most materials, passes through your
stomach and into your intestine.
• Some parts of the gum are digested (sugars) while the
rest comes out the other end (resins).
• From the stomach to the anus is known as the
Gastrointestinal Tract or GI Tract.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• From the stomach to the anus is known as the
Gastrointestinal Tract or GI Tract.
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• Activity! Step by step drawing of the Digestive
System.
“Can we label some
parts already?”
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• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
orm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
orm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
orm
ollows
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
orm
ollows
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
orm
ollows
unction
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note how the GI Tract coils around so that its
incredible length can fit into an area so small.
orm
ollows
unction
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Why not add the
juices here?
If the chemical enzymes were
added at the end of the GI
tract the food would not be
broken down and absorption
of nutrients would be difficult.
Why not add the
juices here?
• Duodenum: The beginning of the small
intestine.
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• Duodenum: The beginning of the small
intestine.
– Distributes bile
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• Duodenum: The beginning of the small
intestine.
– Distributes bile (produced by the liver and stored
in the gall bladder),
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• Duodenum: The beginning of the small
intestine.
– Distributes bile (produced by the liver and stored
in the gall bladder), pancreatic acids (pancreas),
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Duodenum: The beginning of the small
intestine.
– Distributes bile (produced by the liver and stored
in the gall bladder), pancreatic acids (pancreas),
and other secretions to chemically breakdown
food.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Small Intestine: Major organ for food
absorption.
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• Small Intestine: Major organ for food
absorption.
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• Small Intestine: Major organ for food
absorption.
Very Long
15 ft / 4.5 m
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Small Intestine: Major organ for food
absorption.
Very Long
15 ft / 4.5 m
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Small Intestine: Major organ for food
absorption.
orm
Very Long
15 ft / 4.5 m
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Small Intestine: Major organ for food
absorption.
orm
Very Long
ollows
15 ft / 4.5 m
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Small Intestine: Major organ for food
absorption.
orm
Very Long
ollows
15 ft / 4.5 m
unction
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Small Intestine: Major organ for food
absorption.
orm
Very Long
ollows
15 ft / 4.5 m
unction
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Pancreas: Organ that aids in digestion by
producing pancreatic juices that enter small
intestine.
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• Pancreas: Organ that aids in digestion by
producing pancreatic juices that enter small
intestine.
– Also aids in producing hormones.
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• Pancreas: Organ that aids in digestion by
producing pancreatic juices that enter small
intestine.
– Also aids in producing hormones.
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• The Liver and Gall Bladder are organs that aid
in the digestion process.
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• The Liver and Gall Bladder are organs that aid
in the digestion process.
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• The Liver and Gall Bladder are organs that aid
in the digestion process.
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• Liver: Large, heavy, vital organ that produces
bile that breaks down fats.
– Also detoxifies chemicals
– Synthesizes proteins
– Stores Glycogen (energy)
– Decomposes red blood cells
– Hormone production
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Liver: Large, heavy, vital organ that produces
bile that breaks down fats.
– Also detoxifies chemicals
– Synthesizes proteins
– Stores Glycogen (energy)
– Decomposes red blood cells
– Hormone production
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Liver: Large, heavy, vital organ that produces
bile that breaks down fats.
– Also detoxifies chemicals
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Liver: Large, heavy, vital organ that produces
bile that breaks down fats.
– Also detoxifies chemicals
– Synthesizes proteins
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Liver: Large, heavy, vital organ that produces
bile that breaks down fats.
– Also detoxifies chemicals
– Synthesizes proteins
– Stores Glycogen (energy)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Liver: Large, heavy, vital organ that produces
bile that breaks down fats.
– Also detoxifies chemicals
– Synthesizes proteins
– Stores Glycogen (energy)
– Decomposes red blood cells
– Hormone production
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Liver: Large, heavy, vital organ that produces
bile that breaks down fats.
– Also detoxifies chemicals
– Synthesizes proteins
– Stores Glycogen (energy)
– Decomposes red blood cells
– Hormone production
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Liver: Large, heavy, vital organ that produces
bile that breaks down fats.
– Also detoxifies chemicals
– Synthesizes proteins
– Stores Glycogen (energy)
– Decomposes red blood cells
– Hormone production
It’s difficult to live long term without a liver
because it performs so many functions.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Gall Bladder: A small pear-shaped organ that
stores and concentrates bile from the liver.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Gall Bladder: A small pear-shaped organ that
stores and concentrates bile from the liver.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy