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Science TAKS Review Viruses and Bacteria • Viruses are not alive, Bacteria are alive Viruses (not alive) • Viruses – cause disease – ANTIBIOTICS DO NOT CURE THEM – ONLY IMMUNE SYSTEM • AIDS, the common cold, small pox, influenza, and warts Bacteria (alive) • Harmful - get antibiotics – Strep Throat – Staph Infections • Helpful – decomposers – septic tanks, rotting meat – mutualism : intestines – cheese, yogurt Evolution • Mutations • Reproductions Natural Selection- environment decides who lives… only tall trees- giraffes happy Who would survive? Symbiosis • Symbiosis – relationship between two organisms • Mutualism – both species benefit • Predation – one species (predator) benefits, other (prey) is eaten • Parasitism – one species benefits, the other is harmed • Competition – two species want same thing • Commensalism – one species benefits, one is not affected • Remora fish eat shark’s scraps; shark is not affected Food chain & food web – who eats what Arrows show flow of energy Trophic levels • Producer - green plant - photosynthesis • Consumer – Must eat • Decomposer breaks down dead and waste Types of matter Elements Fe H O Au Compounds FeCl3 H2O CO2 Density D = M V More dense liquids sink! Water density = 1g/ml Viscosity Resistance to flow more viscous– the slower the flow Buoyancy Chemical Change • • • • Change of temperature Production of light Production of a gas New thing formed Physical change • Change in size and shape • Making a solution • Change in state Conservation of Mass 6CO2 + 6H20 --> C6H12O6 +6O2 Matter is never created or destroyed Solutions • Solute- salt • Solvent – water • Soluble- salt can be dissolved • Force - a push or a pull on an object F = ma Force is measured in NEWTONS (N) • Work - force causes an object to move W=Fd Work -JOULES (J) • Power – How fast you get work done • P=W/t • Power - WATTS (W) Kinetic Energy - motion Potential Energy - energy stored Click on the slide! Energy • Conduction - heat transfer from one object to another by direct contact …solids • Convection - heat carried from one place to another in a liquid or gas as molecules move in currents caused by density differences…liquids & gases • Radiation - the transfer of heat energy through empty space • (heat from sun)….infrared Soooooo……..Heat moves by- Waves • Transverse wave moves up and down as the energy travels right to left. Perpendicular • example: light, ocean • Longitudinal wave – moves back and forth as the energy travels right to left. Parallel • Example: sound REFLECTION Refraction Electricity- 10th • Series Circuit - a circuit in which the current has only one path • Parallel Circuit - a circuit in which the current can take more than one path READ!!! READ!!! READ!!! Remember • Use your Equation Sheet • Use your Calculator • Use your Periodic Table • YOU need at least 41 correct to pass….. DO YOU HAVE THAT?