Transcript Unit 2: Cells

Table of Contents
Unit 2: Cells
Left Side
Pg.
Right Side
Pg.
Unit Page
22
Table of Contents
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Brace Map – Cell Theory
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C.N. Cell Theory
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Double Bubble
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Comparing viruses & cells
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Unit 2: Cells: Cell Theory
(Section 7-1)
Biology Standards
• 1. The fundamental life processes of
plants and animals depend on a variety of
chemical reactions that occur in
specialized areas of the organism’s cells.
As a basis for understanding this
concept:
– C) Students know how prokaryotic cells,
eukaryotic cells (including those from plants
and animals), and viruses differ in complexity
and general structure.
Learning Goals
• 1. Describe the 3 parts of the Cell
Theory.
• 2. Compare and Contrast a
Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cell
(Include at least 2 similarities and 3
differences)
• 3. Describe the characteristics of a
virus. Is a virus a cell? Is a virus
alive?
Cell Theory
• 1. All living things are made of cells
• 2. Cells are basic units of life
• 3. All cells are made from other cells
Why Cells are Important
• What happens inside cells causes us
to be who we are. (Genes)
• All diseases start at the level of the
cell.
• All growth and life starts from a
single cell.
Types of cells
• 1. Prokaryote
• 2. Eukaryote
1. Prokaryotic Cells (Prokaryotes)
• Simplest, “primitive”
cells with:
– NO membrane-bound
organelles (“little
organs”)
– NO nucleus: genetic
material floats free in
cell
• pro = before
• karyo = nucleus
• Ex: Bacteria (Kingdom Monera)
• 2 Subdivisions:
– 1. Eubacteria – “true bacteria”
– 2. Archaea – “ancient bacteria”
» Extremophiles: live in harsh
environments (hot, acidic, salty)
2. Eukaryotic Cells (Eukaryotes)
• Unicellular or multicellular
• Cells contain:
– a nucleus (with DNA)
– membrane-bound organelles
• Eu = true
karyo = nucleus
• Complex internal structure
– “Compartments” allow many
different chemical reactions
to take place simultaneously
• Examples:
– Kingdom Protista –
protozoa, algae, amoeba

Kingdom Fungi –
mushrooms, molds,
yeast
• Kingdom Plantae
(Plants)– ranges from
moss to flowering plants

Kingdom Animalia
(Animals) – ranges
from tiny worms to
humans
What about Viruses?
-Are they alive?
• PROS
– Have genetic material
(DNA or RNA)
– Can replicate (with
host)
– Have a protein coat
• What do you think?
• CONS
– Cannot grow or
replicate without
host (dormant)
– Are not cells
Viruses
• NOT ALIVE!!!
• Made of DNA (or RNA)
surrounded by a protein
coat
• Are NOT cells & cannot
grow
Viruses are extremely small!
Learning Goals
• 1. Describe the 3 parts of the Cell
Theory.
• 2. Compare and Contrast a
Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cell
(Include at least 2 similarities and 3
differences)
• 3. Describe the characteristics of a
virus. Is a virus a cell? Is a virus
alive?