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Interactions Among living Things DO NOW: Copy these vocab words into your notes packet. Natural Selection Adaptation Niche competition predation Predator prey symbiosis mutualism commensalisms Parasitism Parasite host Natural selection • Remember natural selection- individuals better suited for environment will survive and reproduce • Adaptations- the behaviors and physical features that allow organisms to live successfully in their environment Niche • Every organism has a variety of adaptations that are suited to its specific living conditions • Niche- role of an organism in its habitat or how it makes its living – Type of food – How it gets food – How other organism use it as food – How it reproduces ON pg 26, compare and contrast the three different birds and their niches. What are the types of interactions that occur in an ecosystem? competition There are three major types of interactions among organism; competition, predation, and symbiosis Competition - It is a struggle between organism to survive with the same limited resources Many organisms compete for food, water, shelter, mates ??? How is it that trees and grass complete? • Sunlight, water, minerals, space predation • Predation - The interaction where one organism kills another for food • Predator- one that does the killing • Prey- one that is eaten • If an increase in predators, what will happen? – Prey population will decrease- lower food supply will cause the predator population to decrease Pg 27 math analyzing data • Take out your packet and turn to last nights homework. • Answers: • 1. No. It looks like the population of birds went down when the population of rattlesnakes declined. • 2. Yes, The number of rodents rose as the number of snakes declined. • 3. Rodents I can tell because when the population of snakes was steady, the population of rodents was steady (there was a balance) but with snakes out of the way, the rodent population grew. • 4. Because the rattlesnake was the biggest preditor on the birds. With them out of the way, the bird population could grow. • 5. Answers will vary Predator and Prey Adaptations Predators- help kill prey speed, tentacles Prey- avoid being killed mimicry- looking like something else that is dangerous false coloring- looks like something bigger protective covering- porcupine camouflage- chameleon, walking leaf insect warning colors- certain colors often are warning of poisonous. symbiosis • A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species • The three types of symbiotic relationships are mutualism, commensalisms and parasitism. Mutualism • Both species benefit • Some species could not survive without the other • Pg 30. read caption on figure 17 – Why are these birds sitting on the hippo? • To feed and hitch a ride commensalism • One species benefits and other is neither helped or harmed • some birds with trees- birds have home and the tree is neither helped or harmed • Hawk and cactus • Your bugs-- tiny mites(demodex folliculorum) live on the base of eyelashes and live on dead skin Today’s Do Now • Get a book • Take out you packet and turn to the vocabulary page. • Be sure you are ready to begin class. parasitism • Parasit - One organism living in or on another organism causing it harm • Host- provides the home and food for the parasite • Parasite usually smaller than host • Doesn’t usually kill host • Example- flees, ticks, worms • Go back to picture on pg 30. A tick would be an example of parasite to hippo. Review • What are adaptations – Behaviors and characteristics that help organism be successful • How are a snake’s sharp fangs and adaptation? – Enable the snake to bit into its prey • What are the three main ways in which organisms interact? – Competition, predation, symbiosis – Watch Discovery Educations Life: Hunters and Hunted