Physical Exam
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Transcript Physical Exam
• The PEER Program at
Texas A&M College of
Veterinary Medicine &
Biomedical Sciences
peer.tamu.edu
We Want All Our Loved Ones
To Be Healthy
Family
Friends
Pets
Assesses overall health and condition
Early detection of minor abnormalities
Determine the extent of an injury or illness
During a Physical Exam he:
Makes observations
Takes measurements
Collects data
Analyzes data
Observations of a Healthy Animal
Content
Clear bright eyes
Alert and interested
Sleek, shiny coat
Pink mucous
membranes
Good appetite
Normal feces & urine
Normal temperature,
pulse, & respiration
Temperature
Heart rate
Respiration rate
Base-line measurements indicate animal’s
current health
May be first indication of abnormality
A measure of the body's ability to
generate and get rid of heat
Heat transfer
Thermometer
Varies due to illness, physical
activity, stage of pregnancy, time of
day, &/or environmental
surroundings
Average Temperature of Different
Species
Species
Horse
Temperature
(°F)
Cattle
99.5 – 101.3
100.4 – 103.1
Sheep & Goats
102.2 – 104.9
Swine
100.4 – 104.0
Dog
99.5 – 102.5
Cat
100.5 – 102.5
Human
98.6
Fever
Body generates &
retains heat
Immune response
Maintain
homeostasis
Rhythmic throb in an artery as blood is pushed
through it, heart rate
Palpate: lower jaw in livestock, femoral artery in dogs
& cats, radial or carotid artery in humans
Varies due to illness, age, size, sex, breed, exercise,
atmospheric conditions, time of day, eating, &/or
excitement
Average Pulse of Different Species
Species
Pulse (bpm)
Horse
28 - 40
Cattle
40 - 70
Sheep & Goats
60 - 90
Swine
60 - 100
Dog
60 - 100
Cat
150 - 200
Human
60-100
Taking in oxygen, utilizing in body tissues, and giving off
carbon dioxide
Evaluate visually or with a stethoscope
Varies due to illness, body size, age, exercise, excitement,
environmental temperature, atmospheric conditions,
pregnancy, & fullness of the digestive tract
Average Respiration Rates of Different
Species
Species
respiration
(bpm)
Horse
8 - 16
Cattle
Sheep & Goats
10 - 30
12 - 20
Swine
8 - 18
Dog
10 - 30
Cat
20 - 30
Humans
15-20
A material which stimulates the immune system
Contains antigens that resembles a disease-causing agents
Immune system recognizes the agent as "foreign",
destroys it, and then remembers it in the future.
Prevents or lessens the
severity of disease
Prevents spread of disease
between animals and
humans (zoonotic diseases)
Core vaccines
An organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food
from or at the expense of its host
Symbiosis
External Parasites
Internal Parasites
Periodontal disease
Brush 3-4 times a week
Provide chew toys
Proper diet
Schedule regular
cleanings
Reduce the homeless
population
6 – 8 million pets in
shelters each year
Improve health and
behavior
Reduce or eliminate:
some types of cancer,
roaming, marking, &
aggression
Feed according to age, size,
activity level, and overall health
Pet food vs human food
Pet Obesity
Pet’s physical state and needs
Human-animal bond
Maintains healthy heart, lungs, and muscles
Controls weight
Protect yourself!
Call the emergency care
facility
Bleeding: elevate & apply
pressure
Choking: place fingers in pet’s
mouth and try to remove
blockage
Modified Heimlich maneuver
CPR
Questions?