Transcript Digestive System

Introduction to the
Digestive System
Digestive System


Large complex molecules broken down
into simpler molecules
Long ________ beginning with mouth
and ending with the anus
Digestive Systems


Man and pig have a simple stomachs
with an extensive intestinal system
Ruminants have a complex stomach
with a simpler intestinal system
Digestive System

Mouth: “_________” tool (grasps food)
– Salivary glands secrete juices containing
enzymes (digest food)
– Chewing food breaks down

Esophagus: muscular tube that connects
mouth to stomach
– _________ Movement: sequential
contraction of ringlike muscles
– Reverse Peristalsis = vomiting
Simple Stomach


Muscular contractions break down food
Enzymes break down food:
– Gastric enzymes: break down ______
– Liver and pancreatic enzymes: break down
___________
2 Major Digestive Systems



Both systems will be addressed in detail in
the lesson to follow:
Ruminants—have _____ stomach
compartments
Monogastrics—have ______ stomach
compartment
7
6
8
2
3
4
5
1
2
1
3
7
4
6
5
Digestive System

Small Intestine: long coiled tube
connecting stomach to large intestine
– rest of the _______ and _______ takes
place here
– surface covered with villi (increase surface
area and absorption)

Large Intestine: Cecum, colon, rectum
– absorbs _____ (makes feces more solid)
– some vitamins and minerals absorbed here
Digestive System



Accessory organs:
Pancreas secretes enzymes to break
down _____
Liver (largest internal organ) secretes
bile, which ______ fats
– also stores iron
Label the Digestive Tracts
Digestion Lab
Materials Needed:












Small pieces of apple
Distilled white vinegar
Water
Diagram of the digestive system
1 plastic straw
1 sponge
1 eye dropper
1 funnel
1 utensil
2 plastic cups
Paper towels
Lab Procedures
Lab Procedures

After each procedure, record what you
observed and how this step is directly
related to the digestive process and
which organs are represented.
Lab Procedures



Label one of your plastic cups #1 and
the other #2
In cup #1, crush the pieces of apple with
the utensil and add al little water to the
mixture using the eye dropper.
How is this directly related to the
digestive process? Which organs are
represented?
Lab Procedures


Using the funnel, carefully pour the
mixture into the plastic straw and using
your hands, squeeze it into cup #2. Set
aside cup #1.
How is this directly related to the
digestive process? Which organs are
represented?
Lab Procedures


Add a small amount of distilled white
vinegar to the mixture in cup #2 using
the eye dropper.
How is this directly related to the
digestive process? Which organs are
represented?
Lab Procedures


Carefully pour the mixture onto the
sponge and allow the liquid portion to
be absorbed. The nutrients are
enclosed in the liquid, while the waste is
the solid material.
How is this directly related to the
digestive process? Which organs are
represented?
Lab Procedures


Carefully scrape the solid pieces off of
the sponge and palce them on the
paper towel to absorb the remaining
water.
How is this directly related to the
digestive process? Which organs are
represented?
Lab Procedures


Dispose of all the wastes in the
trashcan.
How is this directly related to the
digestive process? Which organs are
represented?