Transcript Jump Start - Cloudfront.net

Jump Start
• I am out today for a conference
• You will complete the Reptile and Ave
(Bird) Notes
• Work on Phyla Book through page 30
• Big Vertebrate quiz on Thursday
Reptiles
Class Reptilia
Characteristics
• Integumentary
– Dry, scaly skin - sheds w/ growth, claws
• Skeletal/ Muscular
– Endoskeleton; Larger limbs that can
carry more body weight, some legless
species
Characteristics
• Circulation
– 3 to 4 chambered heart; closed-double
loop circulation
• Reproductive
– Internal fertilization, oviparous, some
are ovoviviparous, amniotic eggs
Characteristics
• Nervous
– Larger cerebrum/cerebellum than
amphibians, well developed sensory
organs, chemical & some heat
sensation
• Respiratory
– Spongy lungs with large surface area,
muscles to expand/contract chest cavity
Characteristics
• Digestive
– Herbivores & carnivores; many have
long digestive systems --> help break
down food
• Excretion
– Kidneys; urine contains ammonia
(aquatic) or uric acid (terrestrial)
Characteristics
• Body Temperature
– Ectothermic
• Habitat
– Live everywhere except in extreme
cold, terrestrial
Evolution
• The first vertebrate to reproduce on
dry land.
Groups of Reptiles
•
Lizards & Snakes – some produce
venom
Groups of Reptiles
•
Crocodilians – long, broad snout;
carnivores
Groups of Reptiles
•
Turtles & Tortoises – turtle
(aquatic) & tortoises (terrestrial);
shell built into skeleton
Groups of Reptiles
•
Tuatara – resemble lizards; no
external ears & have primitive
scales
Jump Start
• Check your grades – got ?s  see me
before or after school
• On a piece of paper, write the terms that
correspond to the following:
– The supporting rod that runs through the body
– The body temperature is determined by the
environment
– First vertebrate to reproduce on land
– Four characteristics of chordates
BIRDS
Class Aves
Characteristics
• Integumentary
– Feathers, bipedal (two legs covered in
scales), syrinx (song box)
• Skeletal
– Endoskeleton; hollow bones; most can
fly, large muscles for flight
Characteristics
• Circulatory
– 4 chambered heart, 2 separate loops,
complete separation of oxygen rich and
Domestic pigeon
oxygen poor blood
Right
atrium
• Reproductive
Heart
Right
ventricle
Left
atrium
Left
ventricle
Complete
– Internal fertilization, oviparous, amniotic
division
eggs with hard outer shells
P2 = slate
• What are two differences between an
amphibian and bird heart?
Characteristics
• Nervous
– Brain, adapted to quickly interpret
signals, keen sight, good hearing, poor
smell and taste
• Respiratory
– Lungs & posterior air sacs for gas
exchange, air flows in a single direction,
helps maintain metabolic rate
Characteristics
• Digestive
When a bird eats,
food moves down
the esophagus and
is stored in the crop.
Brain
– Beaks that are adapted to type of food
they eat, no teeth, crop, stomach, and
gizzard
Esophagus
Lung
Heart
Kidney
Crop
Air sac
Liver
• Excretory
Moistened food passes to the
stomach, a two-part chamber.
The first chamber secretes acid
and enzymes. The partially
digested food moves to the
second chamber, the gizzard.
First
chamber
of stomach
Pancreas
– Uric acid deposited in cloaca where
Undigested food is
water is absorbed
excreted through the
Large intestine
Gizzard Small
intestine
Cloaca
cloaca.
The muscular walls
of the gizzard squeeze
the contents, while small
stones grind the food.
As digestion continues,
the food moves through
the intestines.
P2 = slate
• List in order the digestive organs that
food travels through in a bird.
Characteristics
• Body Temperature
– Endothermic
• Habitat
– Land, migrate
Evolution
• Evolved from extinct reptiles
Groups of Birds
1. Pelican & Relatives
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Birds of Prey
Parrots
Cavity-nesting birds
Perching birds
Herons & Relatives
Ostriches & Relatives