Transcript 2. Competitive Relationships

Coevolution:
• A change in the genetic composition of
one species (or group) in response to a
genetic change in another
• Examples:
– Predator/prey (Ex. Lion & Gazelle)
– Competitive species (Ex. College Admissions)
Symbiosis:
• A relationship between 2 or more species
where one lives in or on another species.
• 3 different types.
1. Mutualism:
• Benefits both species in a relationship.
(like when you have mutual respect for
someone).
• Example: Aphids and ants
• Legumes and Nitrogen-Fixating Bacteria:
Bacteria live in the roots of certain
plants like soy beans. They take
nitrogen out of the air and make it
usable for the plants. Both benefit
from the relationship.
Flowering plants and pollinators:
Pollinators are given food and
The plants are able to reproduce
Both benefit from the
relationship.
2. Commensalism
• One partner benefits without any effect to
the other.
Example: Epiphytic plants grow
on other plants to reach
sunlight. The other plants are
not affected by their presence.
3. Parasitism:
• One species hurts the other species. One
species can be killed after a certain
amount of time.
• Example: Human and bacteria infections.
Under your notes number 1-4
You will answer mutualism, parasitism, or
commensalism for the next 4 examples
given.
• Example 1:
In a marine environment algae can be
found living on coral. Algae provides the
coral with inorganic nutrients and the
coral provides the algae with shelter.
Mutualism
• Example 2:
Cats can become infested with fleas. The
fleas bite and drink the blood of the cat
for food.
Parasitism
• Some fruits hitch-hike on the fur of
animals. This allows the fruit and seeds of
the plant to be dispersed around the area.
Commensalism
STOP
Worksheet Answers:
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5. Parasitism
6. Commensalism
7. Mutualism
8. Mutualism
9. Commensalism
10. Parasitism
11. Parasitism
12. Mutualism
13. Hunting deer,
14. Pet owners
15. taking bee honey
16. viruses, bacteria
17. ants and acacias
18. epiphytic plants, barnacles
on whales
Exit Ticket Answers:
• 1. Mutualism: When the bees spread pollen it helps
•
•
the flowers reproduce. Flowers need pollen to make
new seeds. The bees in return get nectar. So both
benefit its MUTUAL.
2. Parasitism: One species is harmed, the dog, and
the heartworms get food from the dog and are able to
live and reproduces. Therefore the dog is hurt and the
heartworm benefits.
3. Mutualism: The mites have a place to live and feed
and the millipedes are kept clean. There for the
relationship is MUTUAL, both benefit.
Word
1. Cooperative
Relationship
*(like when we
cooperate, or when
we work with a
horse to plow a
field)
2. Competitive
Relationships
*(like when football
teams compete for a
championship)
Definition
1. A relationship where
species or individuals work
together to survive (capture
prey, gather food,
protection).
2. A relationship where
species or individuals
compete for resources such
as food, water, land, and
mates.
Competitive and Cooperative
Relationships:
• Remember Mutualism, Commensalism,
and Parasitism?
• Which one represents a cooperative
relationship?
Think, Pair, Share
• 1. Write Cooperative on one side of a piece of
paper and competitive on the other side.
• 2. Share your answer with the person next to
you.
• 3. Hold the paper up silently for the teacher to
see.
• 4. Smile when you get the correct answer!
Competitive or Cooperative?
• Eagles need a vast amount of area to feed
themselves and their young. Due to this
when 2 eggs are laid the strongest baby
born will kill the other.
Competitive
Competitive or Cooperative
• A group of monarch butterflies is flying
south to the mountains of Mexico for
winter. Along the way they stop and feed
on milkweed (makes them taste nasty to
birds). Another insect, the milkweed
beetle, also fees on milkweed in the
southern states. What type of
relationship?
Competitive
• A group of ants live on acacia plants. They
provide the plant protection from plant
eating animals and in turn receive nectar
to eat. What type of relationship?
Cooperative
Cooperative or Competitive?
• In the African Sahara desert the dry
season can be devastating for many
animals. The water holes can become
overcrowded with buffalo, antelope,
gazelles, elephants, and giraffes etc.
Competitive
Ws Answers:
• 2. cooperate with cows for milk, with dogs and
cats, with house plants.
• 3. Cooperative relationships provide animals
and plants with a better chance for survival.
They are able to get resources such as food,
shelter, and protection easier by cooperation.
• 5. Humans compete with almost all animals and
plants for land. any animals are being pushed
out of their homes due to housing for humans.
• 6. 3 Causes: For mates, For food and water,
For land
• 1. Competitive
• 2. Cooperative
• 3. Competitive
• 4. Competitive
• 5. Cooperative
• 6. Competitive
• 7. Competitive
Exit Ticket Answers:
• 1. Competitive (they are competing for food)
• 2. Cooperative (They are working together to
•
get food)
• 3. Competitive (They are competing for mates
• E.C.
• 1. Mutualism (they are working together for
•
protection)
• 2. Parasitism (Mosquitoes harm the other species)
Competitive Relationships
Intraspecific:
Interspecific:
Same
species
Diffn’t
species
Video Clip
Word
1. Intraspecific
Competition (within same
species)
2. Interspecific
Competition (between
species)
Definition
1. Competition between members of the
same species for mates or resources.
Example: Two male dragonflies
competing for land OR overpopulated
deer competing for grass.
2. Competition between diffn’t
species of animals for resources.
Example: Humans competing with
wild animals for land.
A deer and bison competing with
each other for grazing land.
Think, Pair, Share
• 1. Write down the answer silently on your
chalkboard
• 2. Share with the person next to you.
• 3. Hold up board silently for teacher to
see.
• 4. Erase answer and wait silently for next
question.
Intraspecific or Interspecific?
• A deer and a bison compete for the same
grass during the fall months.
Interspecific
Intra or Inter?
• 1. A male lion has a herd of 4 female
lions. He is approached and challenged by
another male lion for the herd.
Intraspecific
Intra or Inter?
• 5 bluebirds are nesting in the same are. A
Drought hits the area and most of the
grubs they feed on die. What type of
competition will this result in?
Intraspecific
• A hippo, elephant, lion, and herd of
buffalo are all competing for the same
water hole. What type of competition is
this?
Interspecific
1. Snakes living in the area eat rodents such
as mice. Large prey birds such as owls
also eat mice. What type of competition?
Inter
• A species of rabbit has had a boom in its
population one year. The grass they feed
on has slowly become depleted from the
constant eating of the rabbits. What type
of competition?
Intra