Transcript European Commission Presentation

Assessing
territorial impacts
Operational guidance
Presented by Lewis Dijkstra,
Economic Analysis unit in DG REGIO
9 October 2013
Regional and
Urban Policy
Structure of the presentation
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What does assessing territorial impacts mean?
Why assess territorial impacts?
When assess territorial impacts?
How to assess territorial impacts?
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Statistical description
Projection
Modelling interactions
Tools
Consultations
• Conclusion
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Longstanding demand
• European Spatial Development Perspective 1999
• Lisbon Treaty (2007)
• Debate following the Green Paper on Territorial
Cohesion (2008)
• Territorial Agenda (ongoing)
• Action point as part of the Roadmap towards an
integrated, territorial approach adopted during
the Polish Presidency in 2011
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Action Point of Road Map
• preparation of a handbook on territorial impact
assessment and the dissemination of best
practices existing in the EU countries throughout
workshops, conferences, [and] publication of the
handbook
• Commission contributes at Commission level
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The IA guidelines contain many
questions on territorial impacts
• Will it have a specific impact on certain regions?
• Is there a single Member State, region or sector
which is disproportionately affected (so-called
“outlier” impact)?
• Does it affect equal access to services and goods?
• Does it affect specific localities more than others?
• Does it affect land designated as sensitive for
ecological reasons?
• Does it lead to a change in land use (for example,
the divide between rural and urban…)?
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What does it mean to assess
territorial impacts?
• Check for asymmetric territorial impacts
• Territorial means more spatial with a few angles:
• Administrative or political levels: regional or local
• Types of regions or areas such as: Border regions
or rural areas
• Functional areas such as: river basins, labour
market areas, service areas, metro areas
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Why?
• Can make EU policies effective because better
objectives can be negotiated
• For example, concerns for asymmetric impact will
lead to MS resistance. They may oppose high air
quality standards or further opening up trade
• Can make EU policies efficient
• For example, granting some MS more time to
implement a policy can reduce the costs
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Assessing territorial impact has
become easier
• New sub-national data sources: Eurostat, ESPON,
JRC, EEA, GMES, OECD, UN, GIS-based analysis…
• New harmonised definitions of regions and areas:
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Cities and commuting zones
Metro regions
Cities, towns and suburbs and rural areas
Urban, intermediate and rural regions
Border, mountain, island, sparsely populated and
coastal regions
• New tools
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How can policies respond?
• Adjust the policy for the entire Union or some of
its parts (state aid)
• Grant more time to implement a policy in some
parts of the union (urban waste water)
• Exempt some parts of the union from the policy
(outermost regions)
• Use existing policies, including Cohesion Policy,
to address asymmetric territorial impacts (UWW)
• Create a new instrument to address asymmetric
territorial impacts if/when they arise (EGF)
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Which policies to assess?
• Policies that
• explicitly target a (type of) region or area
• treat issues that have a significant asymmetric
spatial distribution
• Other policies do NOT need to assess territorial
impacts
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When to do a TIA?
yes
Assess
no
territorial
yes
no
An assessment of territorial
impacts is not needed
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impacts
What regions or areas?
• Already identified by MS or Commission? Then
use these in the IA
• Still to be identified by MS or Commission?
• Use harmonised definitions of regions or areas,
including metro, urban-rural, border, island,
mountain and sparsely populated regions and
urban-rural areas, cities and commuting zones.
• Use proxies to identify regions
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How?
Three basic methods
1. Qualitative approach (no data and/or no regions
or areas)
2. Quantitative approach (no interaction)
3. Modeling approach (interaction)
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Can the
region or
area be
identified?
no
QUALITATIVE
ASSESSMENT
yes
Are
statistical
data
available?
no
no
STATISTICAL
DESCRIPTION
AND
PROJECTIONS
QUALITATIVE
ASSESSMENT
yes
Does the
policy lead to
interactions?
yes
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SIMULATION
OF THE
IMPACT WITH
MODELS
QUALITATIVE
ASSESSMENT
Qualitative methods: three
elements
• Spatial distribution of:
1. the main problem or driver (exposure)
2. the capacity to respond to the problem
implement the policy (sensitivity)
3. the actors involved in the policy response
(actors)
• The potential territorial impact is the combination
of the three former issues.
• Impact = exposure + sensitivity + actors
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Adapting to Climate Change
• Spatial distribution of climate change
• Capacity to respond both of ecosystems and
human systems
• Actors, including those at the local and regional
level, involved in setting up adaptation strategies
• Territorial impact depends on the spatial
distribution of exposure, adaptive capacity and
the actors in policy implementation
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Quantitative methods: three
approaches
• Description of issue at the sub-national level
• Maps
• Graphs
• Projection of the issue at the sub-national level
• Eurostat
• JRC
• ESPON
• ESPON ARTS QuickCheck
• EEA QuickScan
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Modeling: six models
• When the issue interacts with other issues a
model can help to assess impacts
• Six JRC models with a sub-national component
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LUMP: Land Use Modelling Platform
TRANS-TOOLS: Transport model
RHOMOLO: Regional Holistic Model
CAPRI: Common Agricultural Policy Regional IA
RIAT-Chimere: Air quality scenarios
Rural Ec Mod: Ex ante Spatial Policy IA
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Stakeholder consultation
• Do you expect that this policy will have a
disproportionately large impact on certain areas,
regions or Member States? If yes, please indicate
which ones and why.
• According to your knowledge and information, is
this problem concentrated in certain areas,
regions or Member States?
• EC may ask Committee of the Regions for
support in preparing its impact assessments
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Good practice examples from
Commission
• White paper: Roadmap to a Single European
Transport Area
• Common Agricultural Policy for 2014-2020
• White paper: Adapting to Climate Change
• Coastal zone management and maritime spatial
planning
Available on the EC IA website
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Conclusion
• Responds to MS request
• Improves effectiveness and efficiency of policies
• Fits with IA guidelines and does not create
additional administrative burden
• Provides an overview of harmonised definitions of
regions and areas
• Provides methodological guidance for both
qualitative and quantitative methods
• Provides an overview of subnational data sources
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Next steps
• Training on the assessing the territorial
dimension in Ispra, JRC 9-10 December
• Continued investment sub-national/territorial
statistics from official and other sources
• Continued investments in regional/spatial models
• Reinforcing of the local and regional typologies
• Reinforcing ESPON with an explicit mandate for
operational support for TIA
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Thank you for your attention
More info:
http://ec.europa.eu/governance/impact/key_docs/key_docs_en.htm
Questions or comments
[email protected]
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