Transcript AUSTRALIA

AUSTRAALIA
Aime Männaste
Valga Gümnaasium
Juhendaja: Igor Jallai
4.kooliaste ( 10.- 12.
klass)
Keyfacts
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The Commonwealth of Australia is
made up of six states—New South
Wales, Queensland, South Australia,
Tasmania, Victoria, and Western
Australia—and two territories—the
Australian Capital Territory and the
Northern Territory. Australia's
external dependencies are the
Australian Antarctic Territory,
Christmas Island, the Cocos Islands,
the Territory of Heard Island and
McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island, the
Ashmore and Cartier Islands, and the
Coral Sea Islands Territory. Canberra
is the capital of Australia.
The number of population- around 20
million people.
The national currency is the Australian
dollar $ 1= 100 cents.
Where in the world
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Australia, island continent located between the Indian and
South Pacific oceans south-east of Asia and forming, with the
nearby island of Tasmania, the Commonwealth of Australia, a
self-governing member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The
continent is bounded on the north by the Timor Sea, the Arafura
Sea, and the Torres Strait; on the east by the Coral Sea and the
Tasman Sea; on the south by the Bass Strait and the Indian
Ocean; and on the west by the Indian Ocean. The area of
Australia, including Tasmania, is 7,682,300 sq km (2,966,200 sq
mi). The area of the continent alone is 7,614,500 sq km
(2,939,974 sq mi), making Australia the smallest continent and
one of the largest countries in the world.
Symbols
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The coat of arms of
Australia contains a
shield in the centre with
six badges, each
representing one of the
six states. The shield is
supported by a kangaroo
and emu, well known
Australian animals.
Flag
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Australian early links
with the UK are shown
by the national flag,
which has the Union
Flag in one corner. The
Southern Cross stars
and the southern pole
star are also shown as
both can only be seen in
the skies of the Southern
Hemisphere.
Wildlife
ANIMALS
 The kangaroo is unique to
Australia- there is nothing like it
anywhere else. There are , in
fact, some 90 kinds of
kangaroos and wallabies * the
name for some small species of
kangaroo*
 In addition to kangaroos there
are: sand goannas ( a species
of lizards), crocodiles,
koalas,dingoes or wild dogs
and a great number of different
marsupials.
Birds
BIRDS
 Australia has more than 800
species of birds, including the
emu, kookaburra and
budgerigar.The emu is the
second largest bird in the
world.
 Kookaburra- with the
nickname laughing jackass is
a member of the kingfisher
group of birds and lives
mainly in forests.Its song is
very special.
Cities
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Canberra, capital city of the
Commonwealth of Australia, seat
of the Federal Government and
the nation's largest inland centre
is situated on the Molonglo
River. Canberra is the only city
of the Australian Capital
Territory (ACT), which is about
2,400 sq km (926 sq mi) in area
and is made up of seven
statistical subdivisions.
Surveyor-General Charles
Scrivener chose the location for
the national capital in 1908 after
about forty proposed sites had
been reduced to a shortlist of
seven.
Sydney
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The oldest and largest Australian
city, Sydney was established as
a British penal settlement. The
city is situated on the southern
shore of its harbour, Port
Jackson, and has a foreshore of
240 km (149 mi), consisting of
inlets, tributary rivers, bays,
coves, and promontories.
Climatically, Sydney has warm
summers and mild, though
sometimes rather wet, winters,
with mean temperatures ranging
from 12.6°C (55°F) to 21°C
(70°F) and an average annual
rainfall, fairly evenly distributed
through the year, of 1,194 mm
(47 in).
Other cities of importance are Melbourne and
Adelaide in the south- east, Perth in the southwest, Darwin in the north and Alice Springs in
the centre of Australia.
80 % of Australian people live in cities and towns.
People
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The population of Australia has
increased up to 20 million people.
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The first Europeans started to arrive
at the end of 18- th century. The gold
rush, which started in 1851 led to a rapid
expansion of Australia´s tiny population. In
the 10 years following 1851 the population
grew from 405,000 to 1,200,000( excluding
the aborigenes).
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Aborigines, indigenous peoples of
Australia, make up just over 1.5 per
cent of the country's population.
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Australian Aborigines, in common
with most indigenous peoples, have
strong links to the land and the past.
There are 17 or 18 cultural regions in
Aboriginal Australia. However, they
can conveniently be divided into 7
main areas—northern, southern,
eastern, western, central, Tasmania,
and Torres Strait.