Transcript Plug-in B5

Business Plug-in 5
NETWORKS and
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
©2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, All Rights Reserved
7-2
NETWORK BASICS
• Telecommunication system – a system
that transmits _____ over public or private
networks
• Network – a two or more computers that
exchange data and share resources using
standards (_________)
• Three types of networks:
– Local area network (LAN)—a building
– Metropolitan area network (MAN)—a city
– ______ area network (WAN)—a large region
7-3
NETWORK BASICS
7-4
NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS
• Architecture
– peer-to-peer or client/_________
• Topology
– bus, star, ring, hybrid, __________
• Protocols
– Ethernet
– TCP/___
• Media
– coaxial, twisted-pair, _______-optic
7-5
Peer-to-Peer Networks
• Peer-to-peer (P2P)
network - any
network without a
central file _______
and in which all
computers in the
network have
access to the public
files located on all
other workstations
7-6
Client/Server Networks
• Client/server network – a _______ model
for computing in which the bulk of the
processing takes place on a server (backend), while clients perform primarily
input/output (front-end)
• Client - a computer that is designed to
request information from a server
• Server - a computer that is dedicated to
providing information to the client
7-7
Client/Server Networks
• Network operating system (NOS) - the operating
system that runs a network, steering information
between computers while managing security
• Packet-switching - dividing a message on a
source computer into a number of efficiently sized
units called ________, each of which contains the
address of the destination computer
• Router - an __________ connecting device that
examines each packet of data it receives and then
decides which way to send it onward toward its
destination
7-8
Client/Server Networks
• Client/Server network
7-9
Client/Server Networks
• Worldwide router growth
7-10
TOPOLOGY
• Network topology - the __________
arrangement of the physical computers
and other network devices) in a network
– Bus
– Star
– Ring
– Hybrid
– Wireless
7-11
TOPOLOGIES
7-12
PROTOCOLS
• Protocol - a _________ that specifies the
format of data as well as the rules to be
followed during transmission
• Interoperability - the capability of two or
more computer systems to share data and
resources, even though they are made by
different manufacturers
7-13
Ethernet
• Ethernet - a physical and data layer
technology for LAN networking
7-14
Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol
• TCP/IP – protocol for the public Internet as
well as for large numbers of private networks
7-15
Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol Applications
• File transfer __________ (FTP)
– Downloading/uploading files to/from computers
• Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP)
– For sending/receiving email
• Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
– For downloading ____ pages
• Simple network management protocol
(SNMP)
– For network management
7-16
The OSI Model for TCP/IP
Applications communicating w/ applications
Networks communicating w/ applications
Managing sessions between computers
Logically sending data over a network
Connecting networks
Connecting devices on a network
Connecting a device to a communication
medium
7-17
Voice over IP (VoIP)
• Voice over IP (VoIP) - uses _______
technology to transmit voice calls over
long-distance telephone lines
7-18
NETWORK TRANSMISSION MEDIA
• Two types of media used to carry the
signal between computers
– ______ media (guided)
1. Twisted-pair wiring
2. Coaxial cable
3. Fiber optic (or optical fiber)
– Wireless media (unguided)
•
•
Empty space is the medium
Range varies
7-19
Wire Media
7-20
E-BUSINESS NETWORKS
• Virtual private network (VPN) - a way to use the
public telecommunication infrastructure (e.g.,
Internet) to provide secure access to an
organization’s network
• Valued-added network (VAN) - a private network,
provided by a ______ party, for exchanging
information through a high capacity connection
7-21
WIRELESS FIDELITY (WI-FI)
• Wireless fidelity (wi-fi) – a means of
linking computers using _______ or radio
signals
• Common examples of wireless devices
include:
– Cellular phones and pagers
– Global positioning systems (GPS)
– Cordless computer peripherals
– Home-entertainment-system control boxes
– Two-way radios
– Satellite television
7-22
BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
• Mobile and wireless are often used
synonymously, but actually denote two
different technologies
– Mobile technology - means the technology can
travel with the user, but it is not necessarily in
_________
– Wireless technology - gives users a live
(Internet) connection via satellite or radio
transmitters
7-23
Radio Frequency Identification
• Radio frequency identification (RFID) - use
active or passive tags in the form of chips or
smart labels that can store unique identifiers
and relay this information to electronic readers
• RFID tag - contains a microchip and an
________, and typically work by transmitting a
serial number via radio waves to an electronic
reader, which confirms the identity of a person
or object bearing the tag
7-24
THE FUTURE OF WIRELESS