Transcript ppt - IN2P3

LCB Computing Workshop (Marseille)
Network Technology Tracking

ATM Technologies and Services



Technology Update



Status
ATM in Internet Backbones
emerging “Terabit” routers
WDM
IP related Technologies and Services




Status
Quality of Service (QoS)
High Speed file transfer
State of the Internet
» IAB workshop
» Research and Academic networking

LHC Bandwidth Requirements

Evolution of circuit costs
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 1
ATM Technologies and Services

ATM still ubiquitous in many large Internet backbones:
 Back in 1996, the fastest router and switch interfaces available were ATM
based
 ATM switch based core versus IP router based core.

Packet over SONET (POS) now mature.
 Higher speed interfaces available (e.g. 2.5Gbps)

Packet over WDM coming.

There is nothing wrong with “cell based” switching, the problem is
the availability of very high speed router interfaces (Segmentation
and Re-assembly (SAR)).

However, the Internet is packet oriented, does “packet mode” ATM
make sense?
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 2
Technology Update

Emerging “Terabit” routers!
 A number of startups are trying to beat Cisco, e.g.

Juniper, Avici, Nexabit, Pluris

vBNS, C&W, Uunet are using Juniper M40

DANTE is testing Juniper as well
 Fastest routers are still disappointingly slow (i.e. less than
100Gbps) .
 Breakthrough needed ((partly) optical router)?

Wave Division Multiplex (WDM)
 evolving very fast (number of channels)
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 3
IP related Technologies and Services

Status
» 622Mbps (OC-12c) common, 2.5Gbps (OC-48c) (almost) standard in large backbones,
» 10Gbps (OC-192c) coming.

Quality of Service (QoS)
» intserv versus diffserv
» ATM
» community versus public Internets

High Speed file transfer
» will remain problematic on high bandwidth*delay paths
» could possibly conflict with strong security requirements

State of the Internet
» IAB workshop
» Research and Academic networking
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 4
Quality of Service (QoS)

Two approaches proposed by the IETF:
» integrated services (intserv),

intserv is an end-to-end architecture based on RSVP that has
poor scaling properties.
» differentiated services (diffserv).




diffserv is a newer and simpler proposal that has much
better chances to get deployed in some real Internet Service
Providers environments, at least.
ATM is far from dead, of course, but it has serious
scaling difficulties.
MPLS is promising.
In the meantime, community Internets will remain the
best solution.
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 5
Internet Access Models
Canada
Japan
vBNS
ESnet
Abilene
STARTAP
MREN
SURFNET
Commodity
Internet
JANET
DFN
TEN-155
CERN PoP
USA
CIXP
CERN
Mission oriented
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 6
Evolution of circuit costs

LHC Bandwidth Requirements


622 Mbps between CERN and some (or all) LHC regional centers by
2003-2005
Evolution of circuit costs
 3 scenarios
Evolution of circuit costs
» conservative (-15% per year)
» plausible (-33% per year)
» optimistic (-50% per year)

Optimistic scenario excepted, there seems to be no other way
to reach the LHC target than to significantly increase the
budget (factor 3 to 5), depending on the year of delivery.
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 7
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 8
WAN price evolution (-15% average from 1999)
160
140
Bandwidth (Mbps)
120
100
1.6MCHF
2MCHF
2.5MCHF
3MCHF
80
60
40
20
0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Year
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 9
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 10
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 11
Conclusions

Multiple 622Mbps circuits will be possible.





almost there today but make sure the “c” is not missing (i.e.
OC-12c (622Mbps) vs OC-12 (4*155Mbps)).
Cost may be problematic (5-10MCHF per circuit).
Very high speed LAN implied.
Gigabit/second file transfer on high bandwidth*delay paths
problematic.
The public Internet as well as national research networks
are evolving in a way nobody can predict.
This will have a profound impact on LHC
Full 1999 Network Technology Tracking Team Report available at:
 http://network.cern.ch/public/studies/nt3/nt3-1999.doc
 http://network.cern.ch/public/studies/nt3/nt3-1999.html


Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 12
Background Material

Main Internet connections

Telecom Operators & ISPs

CERN Internet eXchange Point (CIXP)

CERN GigaPoP (August 1999)

C&W (Chicago) Colocation Status (August 99)


STAR TAP access model
STAR TAP
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 13
Main Internet connections@CERN

RENATER (French Academic & Research Network).

SWITCH Next Generation (Swiss Academic & Research
Network (supplied by diAx)).

TEN-155 (Trans-European Network - 155 Mb/s).
 Combined CERN-SWITCH access (25% CERN, I.e. 40Mbps)

US Line consortium (USLIC)
 CERN, US/HEP (via Caltech & DoE), Canada/HEP (via Carleton)
 IN2P3 (CCPN Lyon).
 World Health Organization (WHO).
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 14
Telecom Operators & ISPs@CERN

France Telecom fiber installed 2*OC48 (2.4 Gbps).

Swisscom 2*OC12 (622 Mb/s) redundant SDH local
loop installed.

New Telecom Operators DiaX, SIG/Thermelec,
SUNRISE, MCI/Worldcom, Carrier1, Multilink(*),
SmartPhone(*).

More Telcos expected to come (e.g. COLT)

20+ Commercial Internet Service Providers (ISP)
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 15
CERN Internet eXchange Point (CIXP)
SWITCH
Carrier1
AFstats
RENATER
EUnet
GlobalOne
ISDnet HP
EBONE
Swisscom
IP-Plus
IBM
FDDI
FDDI
Sunrise/
BT
Petrel
AT&T
Wisper
INS
Catalyst 5505
Bloomberg
IProLink/
PSInet
Deckpoint
IN2P3
USLIC
TEN-155
Fast Ethernet
SKYcache
Transparent
WEB Cache
US Internet
ATM Test Beds
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 16
CERN GigaPoP (August 1999)
SWITCH
RENATER
National Research
Networks
Mission Oriented
Link
IN2P3
WHO
CERN
TEN-155
Public
C&W
Commercial
C-IXP
Test
SwissWAN
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 17
C&W (Chicago) Co-location Status (August 99)
C&W Internet
T3
CERNH8
CERN-USA
LS1010
E3
C&W
T3
STM-1
LS1010
CERN (Geneva)
C&W (Chicago)Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 18
STAR TAP access model
Japan
vBNS
Canada
ESnet
Abilene
STARTAP
MREN
CERN
C&W (ATM
VBR-nrt)
C&W Internet
C&W
Chicago
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 19
STAR TAP

STAR TAP (Science Technology & Research Transit
Access Point) is one of three Internet eXchange Points
provided by AADS (Ameritech Advanced Data Services)
out of a huge ATM switch, namely:
» Chicago NAP
» MREN (Metropolitan Research and Education Network), the
local Internet2 GigaPoP.
» STAR TAP

A by-product is a full mesh of ATM VC with ALL the
connected ISPs, thus making it easy to establish
peerings and/ot to buy commercial Internet services
(e.g. NAP.NET).
Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 20