Transcript Chapter 15-The European Expansion

Iberians and Their Power




Epic sea voyages from the order of the Iberian
kingdoms of Portugal and Spain began a maritime
revolution.
The end of the Americas isolation and the increase
of global interaction was produced by the
Portuguese and Spanish.
Two phenomena's were reason of the Iberian
overseas expansion.
Iberian rulers had a strong economy, religion, and
political motives to expand their contacts.
 The improvements in their maritime and military
technologies gave them the power to seize control
over maritime trade routes and conquer new lands.
Motives for Exploration
 The individual ambitions and adventurous personality of
these sate leaders was one of the reason for these
exploration.
 Four trends were continued from the Latin West in these
voyages.
 Two of them were the revival of urban life and trade, and a
struggle with Islamic powers for dominance of the
Mediterranean.
 The other two consisted of growing intellectual curiosity
about the outside world, and a peculiarly Europeans alliance
between merchants and rulers.
 Northern Italy took the lead because of its well-established
trade links such as the Indian Ocean and the Black Sea, but
they didn’t take the lead for the Atlantic exploration .
Portuguese Voyages
 When the Muslim government of Morocco showed
weakness during the fifteenth century ,Portugal began an
attack in Ceuta.
 The Ceuta attack was led by Prince Henry (1394-1460),also
known as Henry the Navigator because of his devotion to
promoting new explorations.
 Portuguese mariners created new vessels that would be
appropriate for these exploration, not too large so it would be
easy to pass by shallow waters, but strong enough to survive
during a storm.
 New trade ways were discovered during this times to make
were found for quicker ways of traveling back and forth.
 Bartolomeu Dias was the first Portuguese explorer to round
the southern tip of Africa and enter the Indian Ocean.
Vasco da Gama’s Fleet






Four small ships had sailed for India from Lisbon in June
1497 but encountered new land.
Three of Gama’s ships were rigged with square sails on two
masts for speed.
The fourth vessel was a caravel with lateen sails.
Three sets of sail and extra rigging for repairing any
damages were carried in each ship.
The captains and crews were Portugal's most experienced
and received extra pay and other rewards for their service.
Pedro Alvarez Cabral had the goal to reach India but
landed on the eastern coast of South America, claiming
Brazil.
(Google)
Spanish Voyages





The Spanish leader for overseas mission was Christopher
Columbus (1451-1506).
During Columbus’s four voyages, he established the
existence of a vast new world across the Atlantic, but insisted
that the only thing he had found was a shorter route to the
Indian Ocean than the one found by Portuguese.
Columbus was rejected to start an exploration to find the
new and quicker route to the Indian Ocean twice before
winning over Queen Isabella and her husband, King
Ferdinand.
The expedition included three small ships ,the Santa Maria,
the Santa Clara, and the third vessel known as Pinta.
The expedition of Ferdinand Magellan completed Columbus
interrupted westward voyage.
(Google)
QUIZ!!!
1. Portuguese and Spanish produced
two main developments, they were...
A. New routes and powerful rulers.
B. Intellectuality and the en of isolation of the
Iberians.
C. New lands and new people.
D. The end of the Americas isolation and the
increase of global interaction.
E. Technology and new ways for sharing their
culture.
2. Who was the first Portuguese
explorer to round the southern tip of
Africa and enter the Indian Ocean?
A.
Henry the Navigator.
B. Christopher Columbus
C. Bartolomeu Dias
D. Vasco da Gama
E. Pedro Alvarez Cabral
3.Christopher Columbus’s expedition
included three small ships called…
A. The vessels.
B. The Ferdinand Magellan
C. The Balboas
D. The Pinta, Santa Clara, and Santa
Bella.
E. The Santa Maria, Santa Clara, and Pinta.
Bibliography
Book:
1. Bulliet,