Transcript ITU role in ICT innovation

International Telecommunication Union
New ITU Directions in the
field of ICT for Innovation
Houlin Zhao
Deputy Secretary-General, ITU
Waseda University Symposium,
23 March 2007
International Telecommunication Union
1837
1844
17 May 1865
1876
1906
1924
1925
1927
1932
Invention of the first electric telegraph
Samuel Morse sent his first public message over a telegraph Iine
between Washington and Baltimore
Foundation of the “International Telegraph Union” with the adoption of
the “First International Telegraph Convention”
Alexander Graham Bell patents his invention of the telephone
First “International Radiotelegraph Convention” signed
Paris - Creation of CCIF (International Telephone Consultative
Committee)
Paris - Creation of CCIT (International Telegraph Consultative
Committee)
Washington - Creation of the CCIR (Intl. Radio Consultative Committee)
Madrid - Plenipotentiary Conference. Telegraph Union changes name to
International Telecommunication Union
1947
1956
1992
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ITU becomes a Specialized Agency of the United Nations
Geneva - CCIF and CCIT merged into CCITT (International
Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee)
Geneva - Plenipotentiary Conference. Creation of 3 Sectors:
ITU-T replaces CCITT, ITU-R replaces IFRB, CCIR, and ITU-D
replaces TCD
ITU Landmarks
International Telecommunication Union
 Telegraph:

Morse Code
(wireless)
 Telephone:analogue

telegraph
(wired + wireless)
digital


telex
IP Telephony
 Network Switch: manual, automatic (mechanic), SPC (circuit switch, packet switch),
ISDN/B-ISDN, TMN, NGN
 Data:
PSS, connectionless, internet
 Transmission:
cable, submarine cable, optical fibre, microwave, radio; broadband, PCM, DSL,
LAN, DWDM, CWDM, TDM, SDH, FR, ADPCM, OTN, PON, GPON
 Coding:
Voice coding, fax coding, still image coding, moving image coding (MPEG)
 TV:
black and white, colour, high definition TV, digital TV, Cable TV, IPTV
 Mobile/cellular: analogue, digital (GSM, CDMA), IMT-2000 (3G), Mobile TV
 Radio:
SOS, VHF/UHF, LF/MF broadcasting, satellite, space communications
 Languages:
CHILL, TTCN, ASN.1, etc.
 Other areas:
QoS, security, numbering and addressing, tariff and accounting, etc.
New topics:
 LAN, WLAN, Wi-Fi, WiMax, ENUM, IPv6, Universal access, Multilingual internet
Home networking , IPTV, RFID
also
 Spam, virus, phishing, hackers, …
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Telecommunications evolution
International Telecommunication Union
Competing Technologies
Relative speeds (in Mbit/s)
Fixed
Fibre-to-the-home
VDSL
ADSL
WLAN
802.11a
802.11g
(Wi-Fi) 802.11b
Mobile
WCDMA (HSDPA)
CDMA 2000 1x EV-DV
CDMA 2000 1x EV-DO
GPRS
0
4
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
International Telecommunication Union
The trade-off between
mobility and speed
high-mobility
- 2G, e.g. GSM
- 2.5G
- early 3G
lowspeed
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Body/personal
area networks
e.g .
- RFID
- Zigbee
Mobile
Broadband:
3G +
still largely
untapped
markets !
Mobile-Fi?
WiMax ?
- xDSL
- FTTH
- Wi-Fi
low-mobility
highspeed
International Telecommunication Union
 ~25 years ago, AT&T formally agreed to the break-up of
Bell system;
 about 10 years ago, in concluding the WTO basic
telecoms agreement, some 80 countries have committed
to telecoms market liberalization;
 Now, 145 independent regulators established;
 Countries with privatized operators and some degree of
competition are now in majority among ITU 191
Member States.
 Many new comers, ISPs joined the markets
25 years of policy & regulatory reform
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International Telecommunication Union
Mega-internet service providers like Google, MSN,
eBay and Yahoo
 strong brands, deep pockets
 entering audiovisual content business
- Most internet traffic will be video in a few years
 entering voice markets and some infrastructure
provisioning
New players
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International Telecommunication Union
Anytime, Anywhere, by
Anything and Anyone
A ubiquitous network society is a society where it is
possible to seamlessly connect “anytime, anywhere,
by anything and anyone”, and to exchange a wide
range of information by means of accessible,
affordable and user friendly devices and services. …
It will support the design and realization of a peoplecentered information society, where the secure and
reliable flow of information will be ensured.
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Chairman’s Report, WSIS Thematic Meeting on “Ubiquitous
Networks Societies”, Tokyo, 16-17 May 2005, Para 4.
International Telecommunication Union
A new ubiquity for technology…
 Marc Weiser’s vision: dedicated IT devices
will eventually disappear, while information
processing capabilities will be increasingly
available
 Ubiquity refers to unobtrusive connectivity
anytime and anywhere, by anyone …
 Extending connectivity to the underserved
 Early example: reaching two billion mobile
phones in 2005
 … but also by anything
 Creating a “network of things”
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International Telecommunication Union
Four key technological enablers
Tagging Things: RFID
 enabling real-time identification and tracking
Sensing Things: Sensor technologies
 enabling detection of environmental status and sensory
information
Thinking Things: Smart technologies
 building intelligence into the edges of the network
 enabling smart homes, smart vehicles etc
Shrinking Things: Nanotechnology
 making possible the “networking” of smaller and smaller
objects (more powerful?!)
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International Telecommunication Union
Characteristics of 21st Century
Networks
 High-speed, high-capacity
 Interchangeably fixed or mobile
 Differing ranges for different networks
 Each household or office may have dozens of
devices and sensors connected
 Billions of objects will have RFID chips
 Flat-rate pricing models will be dominant
 Options to pay for premium content, extra
security etc
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International Telecommunication Union
Recent developments in ITU
work on innovation (I)
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 2003: Study Group Question on Telecoms for
Disaster Relief launched
 2004: NGN Focus Group established, for smooth
transition from PSTN to IP
 2004: Study Group Question on Distributed Speech
Recognition (DSR) and Distributed Speaker
Verification (DSV) launched
 Feb 2006: Work begins on RFID
 April 2006: IPTV Focus Group formed
 May 2006: VDSL2 standards established
 June 2006: Regional Radio Conference establishes
transition plan for digital broadcasting
International Telecommunication Union
Recent developments in ITU
work on innovation (Cont’d)
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 November 2006: PP-06 Resolution 133 continues
work on internationalised domain names
 January 2007: ITU-T and Universities workshop
 January 2007: New Initiatives workshop on “Future of
Voice”
 January 2007: Workshop on “Market mechanisms for
spectrum management”
 February 2007: Focus Group on Identity Management
formed
 February 2007: Study Group 2 discusses numbering
allocation for Child HelpLine Int’l
 March 2007: Fully-networked car workshop (during
Geneva car show)
International Telecommunication Union
Recent developments in ITU
work: Focus on Cybersecurity
 July 2004: ITU hosts WSIS Thematic Meeting on
combating spam
 Nov 2005: ITU nominated by WSIS as coordinator for
action line C5 (Cybersecurity)
 May 2006: “Partnerships in Global Cybersecurity”
launched following May 15-16 meeting
 May 2006: Cybersecurity gateway launched
(www.itu.int/cybersecurity)
 October 2006: ITU joins “Stop Spam Alliance” with
other international organisations
 Nov 2006: PP-06 identifies cybersecurity as a high
priority work item in Res 130
 May 2007: Second C5 facilitation meeting to be held,
14-15 May 2007, Geneva
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International Telecommunication Union
See you in ITU, Geneva
Thank you
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Houlin Zhao
ITU Deputy Secretary-General
[email protected]
Tel: +41 22 730 5595
Fax: +41 22 730 5137