Transcript CHAPTERS 19 AND 20

THE AGE OF EXPLORATION
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New desire for contact with Asia develops in Europe in
early 1400s
Main reason for exploration is to gain wealth
Contact during Crusades spurs demand for Asian goods
and spices
Muslims and Italians control trade from East to West
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Desire to spread Christianity and find new sources of wealth spurs
exploration
Advances in sailing technology made long voyages for the purpose
of exploration possible
In 1400s, the caravel makes it possible to sail against wind
Astrolabe makes navigation easier
Magnetic compass improves tracking of direction
Prince Henry of Portugal influences European exploration by
setting up a navigational school
Portugal was the leader of sailing innovations in the 15th century
(1400s)
Portuguese explorer who was the first European
to sail around the southern tip of Africa
 Cape of Good Hope is the name of the location
Dias sailed to
 His route stopped just east of Cape Town
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Portuguese sailor who succeeded in gaining a
sea route between Portugal and India
 The easternmost city Vasco da Gama reached
was Calicut, India
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Portugal complained that the Line of Demarcation (1493), which
was a boundary between Spain and Portugal, gave too much to
Spain
Spain and Portugal argued over which nation had the rights to the
land Columbus had claimed
In 1494, both countries signed this treaty
Portugal won control over the east – Africa, India, and Asia
Spain won control over the Americas
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In the 1600s, the English and the Dutch (Netherlands)
controlled trade in the East Indies
They were able to secure power in the Indian Ocean
because they set up East India Companies to control
Asian trade
These companies were like governments that had the
power to make money, sign treaties, and create armies
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Catholic priest from Spain
Protested terrible treatment of Native Americans
He did, however, advocate using African
laborers