Transcript Portfolio/Program Name Here 32/38pt with 12pt after

External Talk for NIU IEEE Student Branch
Do You Know Where I
am Now? Good!(?)
Jack Kozik – Applications Product Group CTO, Americas
20-Nov-08
Summary
Talk Title: "Do you know where I am now? Good!(?)"
Abstract:
Location Based Services have been one of the killer application (since 1998?!) for
mobile networks. Only within the last year or so do we see major mobile
operators offering "Friend Finder" or "Turn-by-turn Navigation" services. Electrical
Engineers have had to work a large number of engineering, economic and
regulatory challenges to make the original LBS service concepts commerically
practical.
This talk gives a technical look at these challenges and discusses how new 4G
technologies will enhance location services. Service examples covered: E911,
turn-by-turn directions, friend finder, geo-fencing, advertising insertion, and links
to social networking services.
LBS Killer App Since 1998. Why taking off now? EE Engineering Problems, solved.
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NTT Voice and Multimedia | November 2008
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Outline
Alcatel-Lucent Background
Location Base Service Devices
 GPS Gadgets
Mobile Network Operator Geolocation Services
 Verizon
 AT&T
 Blackberry
How Does The Network Know the location of the Phone?
 “User Plane” and “Control Plane”
How Does an Application Find Out?
How to Reduce Power/Spectrum Consumption?
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Garmin nuvi 270, GPSMAP 60Cx
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Verizon Wireless Location Services
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AT&T Navigator
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Mapquest for Blackberry (w or w/o GPS)
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Chart from Qualcomm
Wireless Assisted GPS
16,000,000
14,600,000
More than 70 Handset Models
Terminals Sold
14,000,000
12,000,000
10,000,000
8,000,000
6,000,000
4,300,000
4,000,000
2,000,000
0
100,000
Jan. 2002
July.2002
May.2003
15M A-GPS Handsets Sold
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Jack’s Gadgets
•Moto Razr2
•Moto Q
•E911 Network Derived
•GPS, E911 Only
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•Sierra Wireless AirCard
•No GPS
Engineering Questions
How does the network know where the phone is?
 Without a GPS Chip?
 With a GPS Chip
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Location Technologies – Cell id or GPS Chip in Phone
Cell-Id and
Cell-Id ++
Cell identification and network measurements
(Timing Advance, Time of Arrival, Received Power,…)
 low cost & very high availability
 accuracy performance ~4-500 m
Enhanced Assisted-GPS
Handsets-based or assisted method combining
GPS information and Mobile network
information (cell-id)
 Better availability in dense areas,
Standalone GPS
Handset based method, using only GPS satellitesignals
 Very high accuracy
 high performance,
 poor availability in dense areas, high Time to First
Fix & Power Consumption
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 Low Time to First Fix & Power Consumption
 Standard interfaces between the network and
the handset (SUPL)
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Network Based Solutions – No GPS Chip in the Phone
UTDOA

Two predominant solutions

Uplink Time Difference of Arrival - UTDOA
triangulates time of arrival of signal
Requires 3
cell sites

Angle of Arrival - AOA measures angle of
signal

Requires 2
cell sites &
special
antennae
E911 ph II accuracy for PDE

67% - w/in 100 m

95% - w/in 300 m
AOA

Remaining difficulty - accuracy requires
multiple cell sites

Not observed - network based solution
workable in a rural environment with low
cell site density
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Hybrid Solutions – GPS Chip in Phone plus “Almanac/Ephemeral”
and info from mobile network
“Hybrid” Functionality Uses Network & GPS
GPS
satellites
GPS signals
Reference GPS
receiver/service
Mobile w/
Assisted
GPS
Position
Determining
Equipment
LBS Apps
PDE
assisting
information
about GPS
signal
IS 41
Base stations
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Mobile
Switching
Center
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MPC
Mobile
Positioning
Center
Web
E911 Driven Technology Development
US Carrier
Network
Location Technology
Former Alltel
CDMA
AGPS
Former AT&T Wireless
GSM
UTDOA+
TDMA
UTDOA+
UMTS
GPS
GSM
UTDOA+
Former Cingular Wireless
TDMA
UTDOA+
Nextel
iDEN*
GPS
Quest
CDMA
AGPS
Sprint PCS
CDMA
AGPS
Verizon Wireless
CDMA
AGPS
T-Mobile
GSM
UTDOA+
Dominant
technologies have
emerged as:
A-GPS
for CDMA* and
UTDOA
for GSM
* iDEN uses network assisted, MS-based, GPS positioning. CDMA does MS-assisted
+UTDOA not necessarily expected to get use outside USA – due to cost of LMUs.
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Engineering Questions
How does an application know where the phone is?
 Without a GPS Chip?
 With a GPS Chip?
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LBS Standards: Control Plane
• Control Plane - Location queries are
managed at the network level on control
and traffic channel. Applicable standard
is IS-801 for mobile and 3GPP2 X.S.0002
for network
• Used for E-911
• Existing Phones: A-GPS or no GPS chip
• Network knows because E911 is user
originated
• LBS Application sends Web Message
and gets Lat/Long back
PDE
MS
MSC
MPC
SMSC
HLR
Ad
Content
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LBS
Client
LBS Standards: User Plane
• User Plane – Location queries are
managed in an IP network requiring.
Applicable standards: TIA-1020, OMA-ADSUPL-V1_0-20050719-C
• A-GPS Phones
• Web Application asks software running
in the phone.
• Network only knows last reported
location of phone.
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Example : User Plane
2- Check
application profile
& location privacy
3- Flash SMS
For paging
1- Send a Location Request
SMSC
Wireless
Network
GSM
Alcatel
Location Server
6- Send a
4- ATI request
HLR
Location Response
5- Retrieve the
X,Y coordinates
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Network Elements – Two key pieces
Gateway Location Center
 Application interface for location
services
Gateway
Location Center
 Application authentication
 Privacy checking
 Access independent
 Examples – GMLC, MPC
Serving Location Center
Serving
Location Center
 Determines the location
 Talks to access network and user
device
 Understands the access it serves
 Examples – SMLC, PDE
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Engineering Problem
How do I build applications that have lots of location “dips?”
 If data connection always on, then battery drain
 Need to push info to the terminals so they can run with uplink “dormant”
Geofencing!
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Geofence Matching Engine
A user’s location is compared to geofences. An event is triggered
(e.g., send SMS) when the opted-in user enters or leave a specific geofence.
Sally this is
the best
pizza in NYC
- Mike
Sign me up
x Accept
WEB
Sally’s profile &
loc. match a GMS
30% off all
Shirts at The
Shop
Code XR456
Sally opts-in
Sally moves
around the world
Sally,
this is
the best
pizza in
NYC
Sally gets a
30% off
GMS
all Shirts
at The
Shop
Sally’s profile &
loc. match a GMS
•SMS
•or
•WAP
Opt-in
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Peers or 3rd Party Content
Providers leave GMSes.
message for Sally around a
location
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Sally gets a
GMS
User Scenario: Kid Tracker
Parent Defined “Geo-Fences”
Home
Joe has
Joe
left is
the
at
school.
school
grounds
Mom defines
Geo-Fences and
Schedule
Kid
Tracker
location
Mom
gets amonitors
messagethe
based
on
Kid
Tracker
monitors
the
location
of
throughout
rules! the
ofthe
thechild
childher
throughout
theday.
day.
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Confirmation
WARNING
Message!
www.alcatel-lucent.com
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