Transcript I. Discovery and Settlement of the New World

Discovery and Settlement of the New
World
• Objectives- Students will understand and
demonstrate…
– 1) Identify 1 reason why Spain and England
sought to settle the New World
– 2) Identify and define the importance of 1
English and Spanish explorer.
– 3) Analyze 2 differences between Spanish and
English settlement of the New World
• Instructions for taking notes
– Words in bold should be copied by students
– Italicized questions are meant to be answered and not written
down. If doing Cornell Notes, students can simply write their
answers on the left side of the paper or answer verbally
I.
Exploration in 16th Century
(What were some of the motivations
for Europe to explore?)
Portugal- 1st country to explore
new route to Asia
a. Bartolomea Dias- 1487
reaches tip of Africa
*route to India around
Africa dominated by
Portugal
*Why does this motivate
Spain to find westward
route?
Spanish Exploration- created with discovering New
World (N/S America)
•
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella- unite
Spain as a Catholic nation, expel Muslims
– Christopher Columbus- 1492,
“Discovers” Americas
– Hernan Cortes- 1521, conquers Mexico
– Pizarro- conquers Incas (South America)
• Horses and Disease- introduced to
Native Americans
– Horses- transportation
– Disease- 90% Native Americans
die within 100 years
• Columbian Exchange- exchange of
goods from America and Europe
– *How did Columbus’ discovery
change Europe? Native
Americans?
– Did Columbus discover “The New
World”?
Spanish Settlement
• Latin America
– Imperial Bureaucracy- Gov. leaders
appointed by King
• No Self Government
– Catholic Church- mission to
convert N. Ams.
• Encomienda- system of slavery
forcing N.Am. to work on
missions
– Reason for few Blacks in
Mexico
– Mining (Gold)• Little Diversification in
Economy
– How is this difference between
settling Mexico and the US
evident today?
English Exploration
• Push Factors
– High Birth rate
• Law of Primogeniture- 1st
son inherits all family land
– Who is 1st born and who is
not? Would you go?
– Protestantism vs. CatholicismEng/Protestant, Spain/Catholic
• NAm settlement seen as a duty
to expand their religious belief
• Spanish Armada- failed Sp.
Invasion of Eng, Sp. Navy
destroyed
– England controls the
North Atlantic
– How does the Sp. Armada
change Eng. world status?
•
•
Early English Colonization
Roanoke-1st English attempt to settle
Nam. (disappered!)
Jamestown-1607- 1st successful Eng.
Town in NAm
– Virginia Company (Joint Stock
Company)- funded Jamestown (goal
to earn a return/$)
• Gentleman Settlers- wealthy
second sons
• What problems will they have
settling Jamestown?
– Gold- looked for, not found
– Starving Time-360/400
settlers die
– John Smith- organized
settlers (“Don’t work, don’t
eat’)
• Tobacco- crop that made
Jamestown profitable
– What was the purpose why
England decided to settle North
America?
– What was the reason why you
felt people first moved to United
States?
What about the Native Americans?
• Powhatans- local NAm. Around Jamestown
• 3D’s (Reason Eng. treated NAm differently
from Spain)
– Disease- majority died off
– Disorganization- Nam. hated each other
– Disposability- no gold meant no need
for unskilled workers
• Were the Native Americans savages?
• How would things have been different if
English settlers decided to live in
harmony with Native Americans?
• Was there an alternative to the harsh
treatment of Native Americans?