Transcript Do Now:
Study the timeline on pages 24-25. Answer the following questions: 1. How many years separated Columbus landing in America and the Dutch purchase of Manhattan Island? 2. Why was the St. Lawrence River first explored? 3. In what year did Spain first conquer a major American Empire? 4. What town was located in present day New York City? Do Now: Create a Timeline (10 events) ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Pizarro defeats Inca empire Treaty of Tordesillas Cortes defeats Aztecs Magellan sails around the world Dias sails around southern tip of Africa Da Gama finds a water route to Asia Columbus discovers America Line of Demarcation Amerigo Vespucci realizes land is not Asia Balboa reaches Pacific Ocean Define: Conquistador, Mercantilism, Missionaries DO NOW: 10/11(Pg.33) How did the Aztec and Inca empires fall to such small groups of conquistadors? (3 reasons) 1. Made alliances with their enemies 2. European diseases 3. Warfare Spain Claims and Empire Chapter 2 – Section 1 Mr. Ferrara Sailors began seeking a route to Asia – used a navigator. Henry the Navigator ◦ Began a school for navigation ◦ traveled further down African Coast than any European had gone before ◦ Created the caravel Triangular sails – to sail into the wind Square sails carried the ship when wind was at its back Exploring the Americas: Shortcuts to Asia Bartolomeu Dias (Portugal) ◦ Reached the Southern tip of Africa ◦ Named it “Cape of Good Hope” Exploring the Americas: Shortcuts to Asia (Cont.) Vasco da Gama (Portugal) ◦ Followed Dias’s route around the Cape ◦ Continued North along eastern coast east across Indian Ocean to India ◦ FIRST TO FIND ◦ ALL-WATER ROUTE TO ASIA! A Water Route to Asia Italian navigator Believed he knew a faster route to Asia King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella (Spain’s rulers) liked his plan ◦ 1. Wanted a share of rich Asian trade ◦ 2. Spread Christianity http://www.history.com/topics/columbuscontroversy/media#christopher-columbus-man-and-myth Christopher Columbus August 3rd, 1492 – sailed with his fleet on the Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria from Spain. http://www.history.com/videos/columbus-ships-are-marvels-of-engineering#columbus-ships-are-marvels-ofengineering Reaching the Americas Landed on an island in he Caribbean sea (though it was India or Asia) – Named it San Salvador Sailed to many of the Caribbean islands. Last island – named La Espanola (Hispaniola) found pearls and gold. ◦ Convinced he reached Asia, so he returned home ◦ No idea he was so close to continents that were undiscovered. Reaching the Americas (Cont.) 1493 – Pope Alexander VI drew an imaginary line around the world to decide who would control lands ◦ Line of Demarcation Portugal could claim all nonChristian lands east of line Spain could claim all non-Christian lands west of line Dividing up the World Portugal’s King John was not happy – wanted a meeting to change Pope’s mind. Treaty of Tordesillas: ◦ Moved Line of Demarcation 800 miles farther west. ◦ Increased Spanish and Portuguese explorations Dividing up the World (Cont.) 1. Wanted to spread Christianity beyond Europe 2. Expand empires 3. Wanted to be rich Goals during Age of Exploration Amerigo Vespucci (Italian) ◦ 1501 – Sent out to find route to Asia ◦ Realized land he saw was NOT Asia ◦ Named the content “America” after him Europeans Explore New Lands Vasco Nunez de Balboa (Spain) ◦ Heard Native Americans report there was another sea an province rich in gold ◦ 1513 – led expedition through Panama to discover the Pacific Ocean ◦ Claimed ocean and all lands around it for Spain Europeans Explore New Lands Ferdinand Magellan (Portugal) ◦ 1519 - Proposed to sail west around South America to get to Asia ◦ Crossed Pacific Ocean and reached Philippines ◦ He was killed but crew traveled on 1522 - One ship made it back to Portugal ◦ First people to travel around the world! Europeans Explore New Lands The End