Transcript BROADBAND TECHNOLOGY

Assignment Report
ON
BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES
SUBMITTED DURING THE VOCATIONAL TRAINING AT BSNL DURG
Under the Guidance of
Mr. A.B.SINGH(S.D.E.)
Submitted by
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2.
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PRERNA RITIKA KUJUR
SHARBANI SIKDAR
SANJANA CHAURISIA
JAYANTI TRIPATHI
NEHA THAKUR
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 Introduction
 types




of broadband
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
o ADSL
o SDSL
o HDSL
o VDSL
Cable Modem
Fibre
Wireless
Satellite
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Requirement at Customer End
Broadband Technology Drivers
Broadband components
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term Broadband refers to the wide bandwidth characteristics of a
transmission medium and its ability to transport multiple signals and
traffic types simultaneously.The medium can be coax, optical fibre,
twisted pair or wireless.
The
In
contrast, broadband describes a communication system in which
information is transported across a single channel.
66%
of the world broadband connections are DSL,22% are cable,& 11%
are fiber to the premises.
Broadband
refers to a communication bandwidth of at least 256kb/s
Each
channel is 6 MHz wide and it uses an extensive range of frequencies
to effortlessly relay and receive data between networks.
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Broadband includes several high-speed transmission
technologies such as:
Digital
Subscriber Line (DSL)
Cable Modem
Fibre
Wireless
Satellite
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is a wireline transmission technology that transmits data faster
over traditional copper telephone lines already installed to homes and
businesses.
DSL
Types
of DSL
– Used primarily by residential
customers, such as Internet surfers, who receive a lot of data but do
not send much, provides faster speed in the downstream direction than
the upstream direction.
Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)
Subscriber Line (SDSL) – Used typically by businesses for
services such as video conferencing, which need significant bandwidth
both upstream and downstream.
Symmetrical Digital
High data rate Digital Subscriber
Line (HDSL)
Very High data rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL).
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Cable modem: Cable modem service enables cable operators to provide
broadband using the same coaxial cables that deliver pictures and sound
to your TV set. Most cable modems are external devices that have two
connections: one to the cable wall outlet, the other to a computer. They
provide transmission speeds of 1.5 Mbps or more.
FIBER: Fibre optic technology converts electrical signals carrying data
to light and sends the light through transparent glass fibres about the
diameter of a human hair. Fibre transmits data at speeds far exceeding
current DSL or cable modem speeds, typically by tens or even hundreds
of Mbps.
WIRELESS:Wireless Broadband connects a home or business to the Internet
using a radio link between the customer’s location and the service provider’s facility.
Wireless broadband can be mobile or fixed. Wi-Fi networks use unlicensed devices and can
be designed for private access within a home or business, or be used for public Internet
access at "hot spots" such as restaurants, coffee shops, hotels, airports, convention
centres, and city parks
SATELLITE:Satellite Broadband is another form of wireless broadband, and is also
useful for serving remote or sparsely populated areas. Downstream and upstream
speeds for satellite broadband depend on several factors, including the provider
and service package purchased.
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ADVANTAGES
 Rapid loading of web pages and e-
DISADVANTAGES

Speeder broadband connections cost
twice as much as a dial up
connections, this can b reduced if
already have separate phone line

Security concerns arise when the
computer is on most of the time,
there might b possibility that
someone might access the computer.
Many security features are available
in the market to overcome this issue.

Broadband connection increase the
speed capability of the internet.
Speed is also depend on the IP
servers. If
the server is slow, speed
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connection will suffer.
mail (as much as 100 times
faster)
 Equally fast downloading of files,
programs, and computer updates.
 More
efficient delivery of
photos and other large e-mail
attachments.
 More efficient use of time online
-- no more waiting for pages to
load & no more dropped
telephone signals!

BSNL’s BFone

Computer of minimum configuration, with
10/100 Mbps Ethernet Card

DSL Modem + Splitter

PPPoE software to be loaded in the Client

Broadband Account (Username and Password)
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 Speed :video & other applications are counseling to drive up broadband
speed requirement. Some broadband technology like satellites & EVDO
are reaching the upper edge of their theoretical speeds ,while fiber,
cable,& wi max have a long way to go before making out.

Cost :the cost upgrading network run into the $ billions. Cost is a

Avaliability:broadband service is always slowest to reach less

Quality of service: for some applications, service disruptions is just not
factor that could both slow network expansion & broadband adoption.
populated areas, due to economics of scale. In the states ,cable & DSL
,the two most popular broadband options ,aren’t available in some rural
communities.
acceptable.wireline broadband technology has always had an advantage
over wireless here, but here are differences even among different wire
line technologies.
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 Customer
Premises Equipment(CPE)
 Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
(DSLAM)
 LAN Switches: for aggregating DSLAM
 Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS)
 RADIUS and LDAP (SSSC)
 Provisioning System
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
CPE(ADSL MODEM) can be utilized in two different
ways
1. Transparent Bridge – In this mode we need to configure
PPPoE in the customer’s PC and modem simply
passes Ethernet frames from one side to other side
in transparent fashion. Customer’s PC authenticates
itself with BRAS
2. Router Mode- In this mode PPPoE is configured in
modem. Modem authenticates itself to BRAS and
gets IP address. Modem provides different address
from its DHCP server to PC. Modem also performs
the NAT function in this mode.
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CPE INSTALLATION
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Bridge Mode
IP Address is allocated
to PC By BRAS
CPE
DSLAM
T2 Switch
T1 Switch
PPPoE Session
IP Address is
allocated
to PC By CPE
NAT
If a user is allowed to login multiple sessions with
BRAS with same password, every machine establishes
a separate PPPoE Session with BRAS. Every machine
Gets full bandwidth for that account provided CPE DSLAM Link supports that.
Router Mode
IP Address is
allocated to CPE
By BRAS
CPE
BRAS
DSLAM
T2 Switch
T1 Switch
Session
In this PPPoE
mode PPPoE
is configured on CPE and only
One session is established between CPE and BRAS.
CPE gets IP Address from BRAS. DHCP in CPE
Allocates IP addresses to machines. In this case all
The machines share the bandwidth allowed for that
Account. CPE has to do NAT also.
BRAS
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Two types of DSLAMs have been proposed to
address BSNL requirement.
 SMARTAX MA5300 IP DSLAM
–Large Capacity (480,240,120 Ports)
- Deployed in A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2 Cities
 SMARTAX MA5105 IP DSLAM
–Small Capacity (64,32,16 Ports)
- 64 Ports deployed in A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2
Cities
- 32 & 16 Ports Deployed in Other Cities
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Broadband Remote Access Server
(BRAS)
A BROADBAND REMOTE ACCESS SERVER (BRAS) routes
traffic to and from broadband remote access devices such as
DSLAM on an Internet service provider's (ISP) network.

 BRAS can also be referred to as a Broadband Network Gateway
(BNG).
Functions of BRAS
oSupports termination of DSL customers.
oAllotment of IP address to customer
oBandwidth control using rate limiting
oAct as an edge router for terminating VPN traffic.
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


LAN Switches provide Gigabit Ethernet ( GE )
interfaces and Fast Ethernet ( FE ) interfaces for
connecting internetworking elements such as BRAS,
DSLAMS etc.,
Tier 1 switches are Gigabit Ethernet Aggregation
switches to which B-RAS and Tier 2 LAN switches are
connected through GE / FE interfaces
All DSLAMs are aggregated to Tier 2 switches
through FE interfaces except 480 ports DSLAMs are
aggregated through GE interfaces
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RADIUS

This in conjunction with BRAS
AAA function
Light Weight Directory Access Protocol Server(LDAP)

It stores customer database viz username, password and the default services that it
can subscribe to.
SSSS (Subscriber Service Selection System.)

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Selection of various range of service.
This provides on demand service without manual intervention
Provisioning System
This is the most crucial component for ensuing quick deliver service. It ensures end to
end service right from DSLCPES to DSLAM to switch to bras to LDAP.
THANK YOU
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