Transcript The Beginnings of Our Global Age

The Beginnings
of Our
Global Age
1415 - 1796
Portugal
• Prince Henry
– Find direct route to Asia
– Spread Christianity
– Find valuable riches
• Funded training, cartographers, and ship
building
• Est. Portugal out as a leader
Portugal
• Sailed around the Cape of Good Hope
• Da Gama
– Found direct route
to Asia
– Forcefully opened
up Calicut, India
– Gains wealth
from spices
Portugal
• Gains strength in Africa
– Established ports for ships
– Began extensive trade
– Stayed along coast
– Mombassa and Malindi on East African coast
Portugal
• By the 1600s Portugal’s power declined
– Lost most power they had in global areas
Spain
• Desired to catch up to Portugal
• Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored voyages
– Bring back greatness
• Inquisition hurt Spain
– Line of Demarcation
• Showed Spain and Portugal
as dominant explorers
– Treaty of Tordesillas
• W = Spain
• E = Portugal
Spain
• Christopher Columbus
– Desired to reach Asia by sailing west
– Reached the Caribbean islands
• West Indies
– Coined the term “Indians”
Spain
• Balboa
– Reached Central America
– Aided by Natives he traveled across land
– Found the “South Sea”
• Actually the Pacific Ocean
Spain
• Magellan
– Reached southern tip of S. America
– Found waterway to the “South Sea”
• Strait of Magellan to Pacific Ocean
– Reached Philippines
– Killed by natives
– Crew circumnavigated
the globe!
Spain
• Seizes the Philippines
– Independent - non united islands
– Easy to take over
• Locked a presence in Asia
• Key trade ports for Spain
Northwest Passage
Northeast Passage
The Netherlands
• Early 1500s newly independent
• Late 1500s European leader in commerce
• Dutch East India Company
– Sovereign powers with exploration
– Controlled a monopoly in the Spice Islands
• Cape Town
– Key location for trade
– Refreshing Station
The Netherlands
• Henry Hudson
– Hudson Bay
– Hudson River
– New York
• “Even old New York
was once New….”
England
• Queen Elizabeth
– Support in education and exploration
• India
– Fought against French
– Successful at dominating India
• British military presence and sepoys
– Mughal Empire forced to pay taxes to England
England
• John Cabot
– Explored coast
– Newfoundland
France
• Champlain
– Established Quebec
• Cartier
– St. Lawrence River
• Marquette
– Navigated Northern
Mississippi River
• Large control of
fur trade
Asia
• China
– Limited traders
• Heavily watched & forced to leave each year
• Felt they had reached good heights without
outside influences - why start now?
• Cultural conflicts
– Language barriers
– Customary differences
Asia
• Korea
– Suffered attacks from Japan
• cities destroyed & economic hardships
– Manchus (China) invade
• Korea established as a tributary state
– Korea isolated itself for nearly 250 years
Asia
• Japan
– Traded with Europeans
– Feudalism in Japan
• Daimyo looking for power = guns
– Christianity begins to take hold
• Tokugawa alarmed
– Threatened by Spanish takeover of Phil.
– Turned to isolation for nearly 200 years