Transcript IPv6 in Wireless Sensor Networks

The Internet Sensory System
Pascal Thubert – IP Technology Center ([email protected])
Pascal Thubert
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Confidential
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Sensors as a service feed
Defense
Energy Saving (I2E)
Predictive maintenance
Improve Productivity
New Knowledge
Intelligent Building
Agricultural
Smart Cities
High-Confidence Transport
and assets tracking
Industrial Automation
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Healthcare
Heal
th
Smart Home
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Agenda
Sensor-based services
Networking sensors
The fringe of the Internet
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Sensor-based
services
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Building automation
 Today:
Highly fragmented market
Limited to no IP/wireless
Dominated by BACNet (20%MS)
Lacking open infrastructure
 Potential services:
Remote Management
Energy savings
Regulation
Security
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Smart cities
 Today:
Slowing mesh networks development
Few applications
video-surveillance, municipal info
 Potential services:
Automation (watering)
Monitoring (pollution)
Energy/Water savings
Water leak detection
Traffic Regulation
Physical Security
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Home Automation
 Today:
Lots of wires
Some powerline
ISP presence (FT)
 Potential services
Energy/Water savings
Home security
Home Safety
Remote healthcare
Telemetry / billing
Air quality monitoring
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Power grid
 Emerging access technology
PowerLine (Networking) Communications
Broadband PowerLine
 Low frequency (<kHz) applications for Utility
Automatic meter reading
Load control
Energy balancing
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Direction
 Converged network
 Scalable Plug & Play
 High Availability
 Network virtualization
 Open Standards (IPv6)
 standard network
abstraction and services
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Plant /
building / home
network
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IP to the Sensors
 New services and applications
M2M, remote management
 New Markets
Think of VoIP as a model…
Process Control for factories
Control and Automation
for home, building, cities
 Larger Core Market
…but for a great many…
Open standards to the sensor
 Lower cost
 More connected devices and new applications
 A wider Internet
 Shaping the future
…of tiny devices, everywhere.
Internet of things
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Networking
sensors
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Business Drivers
Vehicle to Vehicle
Ubiquitous PnP
Networking
Video Surveillance
Factory Sensors
Which Network for the M2M Generation?
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The Requirements for M2M
 Simple as power plug
Extends the reach and the scale of the
internet inside homes and factories
 Safe vs. secured
Not necessarily a trust model in place
Anonymity and innocuousness can suffice
I.e., tit for tat or credit-based
 Access to local services
DDNS, service discovery
 Always reachable
From everywhere as opposed to by
everyone
No Way to Extend the Internet Model There
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What Is Ad-Hoc?
• Automated
Self-forming, self-healing, self-optimizing
No network architects
• On-demand
Self centric
Scaling to self needs (usually limited)
Transient
Divergent (in and outs)
• But not necessarily
Local (can be a wide area)
Unsecured (this is a policy matter)
Host to host like 802.11
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A Sense of History
Router Only Knows “Self” With:
• ID, certificates
• Peers are discovered
• Links are discovered
• Routes are discovered
—Infinity of self-centric networks
IPv6 Ad-Hoc
Router CLI With:
IPv4 Routing
• ID, keys.
• All links to L2 peers
• Routes are discovered
—Single ‘GRID’
NCP Generation With:
SNA Subarea
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• All transmission groups to L2 peers
• All physical units type 4 nodes,
• All virtual routes
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The fringe
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The Routing Infrastructure Today
 The Internet
Fully engineered
Hierarchical, aggregations, ASs,
wire links
Fully distributed states
Shows limits (BGP tables, addr.
depletion)
Reached adult size, mature to aging
 Intranets
Same structure as the internet
Yet decoupled from the internet
NAT, socks, proxies
First model for internet extension
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The Emerging Fringe of the Internet
A
 802.11s mesh networks
4
3
Fixed ad-hoc radio access
Getting pervasive (citywide)
2
1
 Mobile ad-hoc networking
NEMO
Dynamic and contextual edge
Mobile ad-hoc reachability
A’s
Home
 Network mobility
Mobile global reachability
Wide area ad-hoc networks
overlaid on the infrastructure
by route projection
B’s
Home
Fixed Wired
Infrastructure
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MESH
MANET
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7
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The Fringe Does Not Leak into the
Routing Infrastructure
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B
C
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Towards Pervasive Networking
We Might Be at the Eve of Pervasive Networking, a Vision for the
Internet Where Every Person and Every Device Is Connected to the
Network in the Ultimate Realization of Metcalf's Law
 A new model to scale the internet with self and
group-centric abstractions of the network ondemand routing overlaid on the current IP
infrastructure
 Self-forming, self-healing networks, selfaware nodes
With no prior knowledge of the transient peers and links in some
tit for tat, anonymous and innocuous cooperation
Integrating:
IPv6
MANET/ROLL
 Always reachable nodes
By the precious few with the relevant needs and rights enjoying
unrestricted mobility over wireless connectivity
 Atomic networks with all the necessary
application support
Support merging and splitting dynamically, interconnecting
logical administrative domains within and in between nodes
 And more
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NEMO
Services
Applications
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The golden path
 Vision
Sensors and actuators using Internet technology
That’s Billions of devices in the next 10 years
Innerving the skin if the Internet
Enabling new services and applications
 Steps
IPv6 for automation open standards (ISA100.11a)
IPv6 for Low power and lossy networks (6LoWPAN and ROLL)
Apply standards where needed (home, building, power grid)
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Why IP ?
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New applications pretty much every day … but …
The number of proprietary solutions has
exploded: Z-Wave, Xmesh,
SmartMesh/TSMP, … at many layers
(physical, MAC, L3) and most chip vendor
claim to be compatible with their own
standard
 Many non-interoperable “solutions”
addressing specific problems (“My
application is specific” syndrome)
• Different Architectures,
• Different Protocols
=> Prevents ubiquitous services and applications
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A few key design principles of the Internet
 What ? A Layered architecture => flexible,
 Where ? The End to End design principle,
 How ? Separation of the networks from the
services: IP indifferent to PHY and
applications,
 Why ? The Internet as a platform for
innovation. No central gatekeeper exerting
control over the Internet.
Source: Prepared statement of Vint Cerf - Feb ‘07
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A FUNDAMENTAL requirement
 Sensor networks will be made of a number of links:
802.15.4, Low Power 802.11, Low power Buetooth but
also wired links
 The solution MUST support a variety of links (IP)
while understanding the links characteristics (use of
abstraction layer).
 IP provide an abstraction layer between the radio
network technologies and the applications and services
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