Transcript summary notes basic 6 (term 2)

Summary Notes
TERM TWO
BASIC SEVEN
7
ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
Prepared by Sir Lexis Oppong
INTRODUCTION TO WORD PROCESSING
A Word Processor is used for creating a textbased documents such as letters, reports,
newsletters, etc.
One of the most common word processing
applications is the Microsoft Word application.
Microsoft Word 2003 will be used in this lesson.
COMMONLY USED FEATURES OF WORD
APPLICATION WINDOW
Word processing applications have some tools
that help you to easily create, edit and format
document. Some of the common features are
HOW TO RUN MICROSOFT OFFICE WORD PROGRAM.
• To begin Microsoft Word 2003 observe the
following steps:
1. Click Start button and select All Programs
2. Point to Microsoft Office.
3. Click on Microsoft Word 2003 to begin
the program.
• The Microsoft Word window appears and
your screen looks similar to the one shown
here.
Prepared by Sir Lexis Oppong
MICROSOFT WORD 2003 WINDOW
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THE FOLLOWING ARE THE FEATURES OF
MICROSOFT WORD 2003 WINDOW
Title bar
Menu bar
Standard Toolbar
Formatting bar
Control buttons
Ruler
Scroll bar
Insertion point
End of document marker
Status bar
Task pane
Office assistant
View buttons
Windows help
TOOL ICON
NAME
FUNCTION
New
Creating a new blank
document in a new
window
Open
Opening existing files
Save
Saving created document
Save As
Save a new document
Print
Printing documents
Print Preview
Used to show how a
document will look like
when printed
TOOL ICON
NAME
FUNCTION
Spelling & Grammar
Checking and correcting
spelling and grammatical
errors
Copy
Used to copy text or an
item
Cut
Used to remove or cut
text or an item
Paste
Used to paste a cut or
copied text or an item
Undo
Used to undo previous
action
Redo
Used to redo an action
Typing Word Processing Document
The process of entering text from the keyboard is called typing.
CURSOR
When you open any word application, you will see a blinking
vertical bar in the text area. This is called Cursor. The cursor
indicates where the next character you type will appear. This
position is called the Insertion Point.
What therefore is a cursor?
A Cursor is defined as a blinking vertical bar which indicates
the insertion point in a text area or field. When you press a key
on the keyboard, the character you typed will be placed at the
insertion point and the cursor will move one step to the right.
When the mouse pointer is moved to a text area it changes from
the normal arrow to an insertion point(which looks like a
capital I)
Normal mouse pointer
Cursor
Insertion point
BASIC TEXT FORMATTING
FONT
A font is a complete set of characters of a single size
and style of a particular typeface. Examples of font are
Arial, Times New Roman, Widdings, System, Palatino,
Century gothic, Bookman and Garamond.
Below are some types and their names
I am learning Fonts
Algerian
I am learning Fonts
Blackadder TC
I am learning Fonts
Bauhaus 93
I am learning Fonts
Times New Roman
I am learning Fonts
Broadway
I am learning Fonts
Copperplate Gothic
FORMATTING TOOLBAR AND IT’S FEATURES
Text formatting is modifying the appearance of
characters, text and images in a document.
Formatting toolbar and its features
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B
C
D
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F G H
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A
B
A. Font name
B. Font Size
C. Bold
D. Italic
E. Underline
F. Align left
G. Centre align
H. Right align
I. Justify
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D
E
F
G
H I
J
K
L M
N
O
j. Bullets
K. Numbering
L. Decrease indent
M. Increase indent
N. Border
O. Font Colour
P. Clear formatting
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A.
B.
C.
D.
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F.
G.
H.
I.
Font name
Font size
Bold
Align left
Centre align
Align right
Justify
Bullets
Numbering
Prepared by Sir Lexis Oppong
STEPS TO FORMAT TEXT ( changing font)
After typing you can now format or make changes to your
text.
1. Highlight or select the text you want to make changes
to
2. Move the mouse pointer to the formatting toolbar. In
the font box click the drop down arrow to show the
installed fonts.
3. Scroll to find the font of your choice and click on it to
effect the changes
This is demonstrated in the diagram below
Prepared by Sir Lexis Oppong
STEPS TO FORMAT TEXT (changing font size)
After typing you can now format or make changes to
your text.
1. Highlight or select the text you want to make
changes to
2. Move the mouse pointer to the formatting toolbar.
In the font size box, click the drop down arrow.
3. Scroll to select the font size of your choice and
click on it to effect the changes
We can also Align, Boldface, italicize and Underline
text using the options in the toolbar below
Prepared by Sir Lexis Oppong
We can also Align, Boldface, italicize and Underline
text using the options in the toolbar below
Bold
italic
Underline
Align
Text
Numbering
Bullets &
HOMEWORK 4
Draw and Label Microsoft Word 2003 application
window below
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A
C
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THE INTERNET
INTORUCTION TO THE INTERNET
INTERNET
A. Definition of Internet
The internet is a worldwide interconnection of
computer networks. Internet is popularly
known as Net.
A computer network is simply two or more
computers connected together that allows the
computers to communicate and share
information.
These days the internet connects millions of
computers from schools, homes, industries, etc
together.
Resources used for internet connectivity
You can connect your computer to the internet
through an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
B. Internet Service Provider (ISP)
An ISP is an organization that provides access to
the internet, usually for a monthly fee. The ISP
connects your computer to their system which is
already connected to the internet thereby
allowing you to also have access to the internet.
Examples of Internet Service Providers in
Ghana are
 Ghana Telecom
 Network Computer System (NCS)
 U-Com
 Zip-Net Broadband
 Africa Online
 Internet Ghana
 Wireless Ghana
 iBurst
 Broadband4U
 NetSAT Ltd.
C. WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
The world wide web is an interconnected system of
pages or documents containing texts, images,
sounds and video that can be accessed through the
internet.
The pages or documents on the World Wide Web
are linked together using hyperlinks.
D. HYPERLINKS
Hyperlinks are text or images on web pages which
when clicked will send you to another web page.
Every web page on the internet has a unique
address called Web address or Uniform Resource
Locater (URL).
All web pages start with the ‘www’ prefix.
Examples www.yahoo.com , www.google.com ,
www.Ghana.gov.gh , www.knust.edu.gh
,www.cosmosschools.com,
www.opponglexis.wordpress.com , etc.
Web browsers
A Web browser is a software that displays web
pages on the internet. Once you have an internet
connection and a Web browser, you can start
using the internet. Every operating system has at
least one Web browser installed on it.
Examples of web browsers include
 Microsoft Internet Explorer
 Mozilla Firefox
 Netscape Navigator
 Opera
FEATURES OF WEB BROWSERS
Although there are different types of web browsers,
there are some common features that are common
to most of them.
Features of Microsoft Internet Explorer Web browser
Print button
Back button
Forward button
Refresh button
Address bar
Stop button
Functions
1. Address bar: This is where you type in a web
address of the web page you want to visit.
2. Forward button: forward button take you to the
next opened web page.
3. Back button: This button takes you back to the
previous opened web page
4. Stop button: Stop button when clicked stops
loading a page.
5. Refresh button: Refresh button reloads the
current page.
6. Print button: Print button prints the current
Web page.
LAUNCHING AND EXITING A WEB PAGE
Launching a Web Page
1. Double click a web browser icon on your
desktop to launch it.
2. Delete the existing address in the address bar.
3. Type in the address of the web page you want to
view.
4. Press the Enter key on your keyboard.
EXITING A WEB PAGE
Exiting a Web Page
To exit a web page, just click on the Close button
on the Title bar of the Web browser.
NETWORKING AND THE INTERNET
INTORUCTION TO NETWORK
Network
A. Network Definition
A network consists of two or more computers
that are linked in order to share resources
(such as printers and CD-ROMs), exchange
files, and allow electronic communications. The
computers on a network may be linked through
cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites or
infrared light beams.
B. Benefits of Computer Networks
1. File Sharing - Network file sharing between computers gives you more
flexibility rather than using floppy drives or Zip drives. you can use the
network to save copies of your important data on a different computer,
examples share photos, music files and documents.
2. Sharing Devices. Sharing devices is another benefit in which a network
exceeds stand-alone computers. For example laser printers, fax
machines, modems, scanners and CD-ROM players, when these
peripherals are added to a network, they can be shared by many users.
3. Sharing Internet Access. In computer network, students can access the
internet simultaneously.
4. Speed. Using a network is faster way for sharing and transferring files.
Without a network, files are shared by copying them to floppy disk.
5. Cost. Networkable versions of many popular software programs are available at
considerable savings compared to buying individual licensed copies. Its allows
easier upgrading of the program.
6. Security. Files and programs on a network are more secure as the users do not
have to worry about illegal copying of programs. Passwords can be applied for
specific directories to restrict access to unauthorized users.
7. Centralized Software Management. One of the greatest benefits of installing a
school network is the fact that all of the software can be loaded on one computer
(the server). This saves time and energy when installing updates and tracking
files.
8. Electronic Mail. A network that provides the hardware necessary to install an e mail system. E-mail’s help in personal and professional communication for all
school personnel as it enables the spread of general information to the entire
school staff. Example, electronic mail on LAN (Local Area Network) enables
students to communicate with teachers and peers at their own school when
connected to the Internet, it enables users to communicate with others.
9. Flexible Access. School networks allow students to
access their files from computers throughout the
school. Some schools provide public access to students
to begin an assignment in the computer lab and save
then access the file when they are at a cyber cafe or
home.
B. Devices Needed in Computer Network.
Hub
A central device that provides a common connection point
for nodes on a network.
Network Interface Card
A NIC (network interface card) is a piece of computer
hardware designed to allow computers to communicate
over a computer network.
Router
A device that forwards data packets along networks. A
router is connected to at least, two networks, commonly
two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP’s network.
Connector
Short for Registered Jack-45, an eight-wire connector used
commonly to connect computers onto a local-area network
(LAN), especially Ethernets. RJ-45 connectors look similar
to RJ-1 1 connectors used for connecting telephone equipment.
Modem
Short for modulator-demodulator. A modem is a device or
program that enables a computer to transmit data over
telephone or cable lines. Computer information are stored
digitally, whereas information transmitted over telephone
lines are transmitted in a form of analogue waves. A
modem converts between these two forms.
TYPES OF NETWORKS
Three types of networks:
•Local Area Network or LAN
•Metropolitan Area Network or MAN
•Wide Area Network or WAN
A LAN covers a small region of space, typically a single building.
A MAN is a collection of LANs with the same geographical area, for
instance a city.
A WAN can be a collection of LANs or MANs or the mix of two
with a very large geographical area, for instance a country or even
beyond the border.
LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
Local Area Network (LAN) is the smallest network compared to
the other two networks.
The simplest form of LAN is to connect two computers together.
LAN is operated within a limited physical area, such as at
home, school, a single building or several buildings.
A network which consists of less than 500 interconnected
devices across several buildings, is still recognised as a
LAN.
Inexpensive hardware used in LAN previously include twisted pair,
coaxial cables and the higher end is fiber optic or wireless. However,
coaxial cables are now being replaced by a higher speed cabling
system such as CAT5 using RJ45 connectors.
LAN is a very high speed network (from previously 10Mbps) to
100Mbps, which is faster than MAN and WAN.
Local Area Network is a group of computers and network devices
connected together, usually within the same building.