Transcript Persia and Greece SOL Review #4

Persia and Greece SOL Review #4
Part 1: Persia Empire Map (500 BC – 300 BC)
Part 1: Persia
1. The Persian Empire showed ________________ of the
people they conquered.
TOLERANCE
2. Define: Tolerance
RESPECT OF CONQUERED PEOPLES RELIGION AND
CUSTOMS
3. Cyrus the Great developed an imperial bureaucracy in order
to government his __________.
EMPIRE
Part 1: Persia
4. The Persians constructed a ________ system in order to
connect their vast empire.
ROAD (ROYAL ROAD)
5. The religion of Persia was _________________ , which
believed in two opposing forces in the universe.
ZOROASTRIANISM
PERSIAN EMPIRE ROYAL ROAD
Part 2: Greece (800 BC – 300 BC)
Part 2: Greece (800 BC – 300 BC)
1. What terrain helped and hindered city-state development?
MOUNTAINS
2. Due to limited arable ____________, Greeks looked to the
_________ for their livelihood.
LAND
SEA
3. First major civilization to switch from barter to money
( ______ economy)
USE OF COIN
Part 2: Greece
4. All Greek city-states had ________________, although
selling oneself into it was eventually outlawed in Athens.
SLAVERY
5. Greeks were _______________________ in their religious
beliefs.
POLYTHEISTIC
6. What did the Greeks use religion to explain?
a. To explain NATURE
b. To explain HUMANS (WHY THEY GET UPSET)
c. To obtain certain benefits in the present.
Part 2: Greece
7. Who was king of the Greek gods?
ZEUS
8. Who was queen of the Greek gods and the goddess of
marriage?
HERA
9. Who was the goddess of wisdom?
ATHENA
Part 2: Greece
10. Who was the god of music?
APOLLO
11. Who was the goddess of the hunt?
ARTEMIS
12. Who was the goddess of love?
APHRODITE
Part 2: Greece
13. Citizens (_____________ adult ____________) had
political rights and the responsibility of civic participation.
____________ & ________________ had no political
rights.
FREE ADULT MALES
WOMEN & SLAVES
Part 2: Greece
14. Athens was ruled by a _________________ (king),
_____________ (elite), ___________ (ruler who takes
power by force), then a _________ (people rule).
- MONARCHY
- ARISTOCRACY
- TYRANT (TYRANNY)
- REPUBLIC (DEMOCRACY)
Part 2: Greece
15. Which tyrant created Athens’ first written code of law?
Today we call a harsh law __________________.
DRACO
DRACONIAN
16. Which tyrant banned selling oneself into slavery to pay off
a debt?
SOLON
Part 2: Greece
17. A ________________________ is a government by
the people.
DEMOCRACY
18. A __________________ democracy is when all
citizens participate directly in making decisions.
DIRECT
19. The United States today uses a _______________
Democracy in which citizens elect representatives
to govern for them.
REPRESENTATIVE
Part 2: Greece
20. In order to control the large slave population what did the
Spartans create?
STRONG MILITARY STATE
21. A government run by a small group of people, like in Sparta,
is called an _____________________.
OLIGARCHY
22. Sparta created a rigid social structure in their city-state. At
the top were the _____________, who had all political
power. At the bottom were the _____________, or slaves.
CITIZENS
HELOTS
Part 2: Greece
23. The Persian Wars (499-449 B.C.)
a. Persian wars united ATHENS and SPARTA against the
Persian Empire.
b. Athenian victories over the Persians at MARATHON
and SALAMIS left Greeks in control of the
Aegean Sea.
c. ATHENS preserved its independence and
continued innovations in government and culture.
Part 2: Greece
24. The Peloponnesian War (431-404 B.C.)
- Caused in part by competition for control of the Greek
world- ATHENS and the Delian League v. SPARTA and
the Peloponnesian League.
- Resulted in the slowing of CULTURAL advance and
the weakening of POLTICAL power.
Part 2: Greece
25. Golden Age of Pericles in Athens (mostly occurring
between the Persian and the Peloponnesian Wars)
a. Pericles extended DEMOCRACY; most adult
males had equal voice.
b. Pericles had ATHENS rebuilt after destruction in
Persian Wars; the PARTHENON (built for the
goddess Athena) is an example of this
reconstruction.
The Parthenon (Athena)
Part 2: Greece
26. Contributions of Greek culture to Western civilization
a. DRAMA: Aeschylus, Sophocles
b Poetry: HOMER (Iliad and Odyssey)
c. HISTORY: Herodotus, Thucydides
d. SCULPTURE: Phidias
Part 2: Greece
26. Contributions of Greek culture to Western civilization
e. Architecture: Types of columns included
DORIC (Parthenon), IONIAN, and CORINTHIAN.
f. SCIENCE: Archimedes, Hippocrates
g. MATHEMATICS: Euclid, Pythagoras
h. PHILOSOPHY: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Part 2: Greece
27. The _____________ conquest of Greece followed the
weakening of Greek during the Peloponnesian Wars.
MACEDONIAN
28. _____________ the Great adopted Greek culture and
spread Hellenistic influences throughout his vast empire.
ALEXANDER
29. _________ II, King of Macedon, conquered most of
____________.
PHILLIP
GREECE
Macedonia & Greece
Part 2: Greece
30. Alexander the Great established an empire from Greece
to_________ in the south and the margins of ________.
He also extended ___________ cultural influence
throughout his empire.
EGYPT
INDIA
GREEK
Part 2: Greece – ALEXANDER THE GREAT
Part 2: Greece
31. The Hellenistic Age under Alexander the Great was a
blend of ____________ and oriental elements. He took
the best of all the cultures he conquered with Greek
culture and spread it throughout his empire.
GREEK
HOMEWORK
• MATCHING 5, 8 (PERSIA & GREECE)
WORKSHEETS