Transcript Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece &
Its Government
By Vanessa and Mark
Introduction
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Government was controlled by land owners.
Ancient government was introduced by the
Gods.
Ancient Greece was very important to them.
Women were not allowed to vote at that time.
Constitution & Democracy
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In 508 B.C. the government created an
Athenian constitution.
510 B.C. Athenians created first
democratic government.
Athenian democracy was a government
“by the people.”
Later, other Greek cities established
democratic governments.
Ancient Greek City & States
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Each city and state had their own
government.
Cities and states had a special type of
government.
Ancient Greece tried different kinds of
governments.
Words To Know
Tyrant:
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An absolute ruler who governs without
restrictions, uses harsh and cruel power.
Aristocracy:
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A government run by people of the upper class
or a hereditary ruler
Oligarchy:
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A state or political system governed by a small
group of people.
Demos:
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The common people of Ancient Greece.
Greek Government
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Greece called its government an
“oligarchy.”
Greece created a form of government they
called a democracy which was run by
demos.
They divided Greek government into
monarchies, oligarchies, tyrants, and
democracies.
ANCIENT GREECE:
Beautiful Art
by Desarta and Devon
THREE FORMS OF GREEK ART
• ARCHITECTURE
• SCULPTURES
• PAINTED POTTERY
PAINTED POTTERY
• Most things we know about Greek art
come from pottery because it could be
pieced back together if broken, unlike
paintings on paper or canvas.
• Pottery falls into 7 periods, from stone age
to Hellenistic period.
GREEK ARCHITECTURE
• Houses with wooden walls
• Stone walls around cities for protection
• Democracy prevented Greeks from building
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palaces because they believe all men should be
treated equally.
Religious buildings
– Tombs & Temples
• Public buildings
GREEK SCULPTURE
• Sculptures decorated tombstones and
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buildings.
Sculptures were made mostly
of limestone and marble.
Most sculptures have not survived.
They were burned in the Middle
Ages to make cement.
Sculpture varied in size from small
figurines to life size statues.
Ancient Greek Gods
The Olympian
Gods
Zeus
Zeus was King of the
Gods & Lord of the sky.
Greek people thought that
Zeus lived on top of
Mount Olympus .
He was married to
Goddess Hera.
He fathered many
children.
Hera
Hera was Queen of the
Gods.
She was the God of being
responsible for marriages.
Greek men thought she
was mean and selfish.
She was the wife of Zeus.
Apollo
Apollo had a twin sister name Artemis
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The Greeks thought that Apollo was
like the Sun God.
Apollo had the power to see into the
future.
He was the son of Zeus and Leto.
Temple of Apollo
Artemis
Artemis had a twin
brother named Apollo.
Artemis was the wild
God.
She spent most of the
time hunting.
She was the daughter
of Zeus and Leto.
Poseidon
The Greeks thought
Poseidon was the
God of violence.
Also he is the God of
earthquakes and
people believed he
caused the earth to
shake
He was the God of
the oceans.
Demeter
Demeter was the
Goddess of growing
things, especially grains.
Her daughter Persephone
was the grain itself.
Her grains separated
man from animal.
Demeter was the sister of
Zeus.
Hermes
Hermes was thought
of as a younger God.
Whenever he had to
send a message he
sent Hermes to
deliver it.
Hermes had the
power to heal sick
people.
Hermes was one of the 12
Olympian Gods
Hades
Hades was the God
of death.
He ruled the place
where dead people
went after they died.
Hades was the
brother of Zeus.
Hades was not in
many Greek Myths.
Ares
Ares was the God of
war.
He was a mean God.
Ares was the God
who started wars and
he played a part in
the war.
Ares was the son of
Zeus and Hera.
Aphrodite
Aphrodite was the
Greek Goddess of
love and beauty.
Even if she was the
Goddess of love she
naturally fell in love
with someone.
Aphrodite was born of
sea-foam.
Temple in Athens
Ancient Greece:
The First Olympic Games
By Dianita & Julia
Olympic Games
• Olympics were created to have sporting
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contests made by the Greeks
They began in the year 776 B.C .
Consisted of winter and summer games.
Held every 4 years in Olympia on the west coast
of Greece.
The games were to honor the Greek God Zeus.
Men, boys and unmarried girls were allowed to
attend the Olympic games.
Events in Olympic Games
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Boxing
Running
Wrestling
Javelin Throwing
Chariot Races
Winning The Olympics
• On the last day of the Olympic games,
winners were given a crown woven from
the leaves of olive trees.
• The olive branch was a symbol of peace.
• There were also big feasts and huge
celebrations.
Modern Olympic Games
• Frenchman named Baron Pierre de
Coubertin was the man named for the
rebirth of the modern Olympic games in
1894.
• First modern Olympics were held in Athens
Greece in 1896.
The Olympic Symbol
• Olympic symbol was created in 1913.
• Consists of five interlocking rings that
represent the continents of Africa, Asia,
Australia, Europe, and the Americas.
• The colors of the rings from left to right
are blue, yellow, black, green, and red.
Ancient Greek Wars
By Faryal & Jordan
Wars of Ancient Greece
Persian Wars
 Peloponnesian Wars
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Persian Wars: Battle of Marathon
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In 490 BC King Darius led an attack on Greece.
Persians sailed toward Greece, it conquered
islands including Eritrea.
Persians had a good army compared to
Athens. Athens was outnumbered 4 to 1.
Athenians’ strategy was to surround Persians.
It was a great defeat of Persians by the
Athenians.
The result were sent to Marathon by
Phidippides 26 miles away.
Persian Wars: Battle Of Salamis
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Fought between Greece and Persian in 480 B.C.
Greece was outnumbered by Persian ships.
Persian ships were captured by Greece.
Greece got the victory and set the stage for ensuring
Golden Age.
Golden Age
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Athenians army asked others for reinforcements
Athens got to be a member of the Delian League
Athens was in an age called The Golden Age.
Athens had a treasury they hid in the Parthenon.
Pericles was the architect of Athens. He made it
grow.
Peloponnesian War
In 431 B.C. Sparta led some of the city-states
against Athens.
 Athens and Sparta fought for control of Greece.
 This war went on for 27 years.
 In 404 B.C., Athens surrendered to Sparta.
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Alexander the Great
• Birth of Alexander
• Battles of Alexander
• Alexander in the Valley of Indus
• Alexander in Egypt
• Death of Alexander
King Philip II
• King of Macedonia
• King Philip to power
• Battles of King Philip
• Death of King Philip
• King Philip’s son