Transcript AP World History

Friendly reminders
• Read chapter 10
• I/O Circle Thursday
• Is Alexander really worthy of the title “The
Great”? Due Monday
Greek Words
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Gymnasium
Theatre
Opera
Marathon
Olympics
Idiot
democracy
AP World
History
Ancient Greece
“The Cradle of
Democracy”
Greece → Romans → Renaissance → Today
The Geography of Greece
• Very mountainousmeant little
agricultural
• Located in the
Mediterranean
It takes a Polis: Greek City
States
• Polis- Greek City
States
Sparta: A Hard Core Warrior
society
• Military State
• Boys & men lived in
military barracks
until the age of 30
• “Come back with
your shield - or on it"
Spartan Society: Plain & Simple
• Spartans were
interested military &
defensive matters
not art, literature,
or science
• No jewelry, fancy
clothes etc.
• Spartans=simplicity,
frugality, austerity
Spartan: labor Systems
• Helots- Agricultural
slaves of the
Spartans
• Helots outnumbered
Spartans 10-1
Spartan Gender Roles ( An
exception to the rule)
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Generally patriarchal
however women could
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participate in athletic
contests
Receive tombstones for
dying in labor
Own businesses
Serve as priestess
Athenian Democracy
• birth of democracy
• Ways Athenian
citizens participated:
• voted, held public
office, own property,
speak in court
• Excluded slaves,
women, & foreign
born
The Acropolis Today
Great Athenian Philosophers
Socrates
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Socratic Method
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Honor is more important than wealth & fame, stressed
personal integrity
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Sentenced to death in 399 bc
Plato
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The Academy
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The world of the FORMS
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The Republic  philosopher-king
Aristotle
-Plato’s student but distrusted idea of forms
Athens: The Arts & Sciences
$ DRAMA (tragedians):
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Aeschylus
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Sophocles
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Euripides
$ THE SCIENCES:
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Pythagoras
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Democritus  all matter made up of
small atoms.
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Hippocrates  “Father of Medicine”
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“Above all, do no harm”
Gender Roles :Sappho
• Lesbian poet
• Island of Lesbos
Other Greek Contributions
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Sports
History -(Herodotus)
Theatre
Art & Architecture
Greek politics
• Delian Leaguealliance of Greek
city-states, led by
Athens, to defend
against Persia
Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE
Parthenon, Athens
Jefferson Memorial, Washington
D.C.
The 2004 Olympics
Peloponnesian Wars-Sparta V Athens
Macedonia Under Philip II
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Greats Empire
The Economy of the Hellenistic World
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Hellenistic Philosophers
Cynics aka Skeptics
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Did not take positions on
politics, moral issues, or
social issues.
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live a humble, simple life.
Epicurians  Epicurus
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Suggested that individual
needs could be met
through reflection/quiet
satisfaction
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Pleasure is greatest good;
pleasure is inner peace
that could protect them
from pressure of
Hellenistic World
Hellenistic Philosophers
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Stoics (most popular philosophy)
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Had the duty to aid
others & lead a
virtuous live
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get involved in
politics, not
for
personal gain, but to
perform virtuous
acts for the good of
all.
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true happiness is
found in
great achievements.
Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences
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Scientists / Mathematicians:
 Aristarchus  heliocentric theory.
 Euclid  geometry
 Archimedes  pulley
The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire