Transcript The Ancient Greeks History chapter 8

By:Taylin Montague
 The
Cycladic are a large group of 200 islands
east of Greek mainland in the Aegean Sea.
 The people made their living by trading.
Fishing, farming, and craft workers.
 After 2000B.C. the culture began to weaken.
 As this was going on, the people started to
follow the traditions of dominant, or more
powerful cultures.
 The
culture began on the island of Crete in
1700B.C.
 The name Minoan was from the King of Crete
Minos.
 The farming villages formed into cities.
 They had a counting system and a writing
system.
 No one can read the oldest Minoan tablet.
 The
culture got its name from the city of
Mycenae.
 The city was located on the southern
peninsula of Greece.
 The culture was started in 1900B.C.
 By about the 1500s the Mycenaeans became
the dominant culture.
 They took over cultures like the Minoans.
 In About 1200B.C. the culture suddenly
came to an end.
 The
Trojan culture was centered in the city of
Troy. From as early as 2900B.C. Troy was
surrounded by thick walls.
 The people of Troy farmed, raised horses, and
traded with the Mycenaeans.
 The story of The Trojan Horse
For ten years the Mycenaeans tried to capture
Troy. Then the Mycenaeans built a giant wooded
horse and hid inside it. The Trojans took the
horse as a peace offering and brought it into the
city. Over night the Mycenaeans crawled out and
attacked the city. They then defeated the Trojans.
 City-states
were formed from neighboring
villages trying to protect themselves.
 Normally theses city-states were graded by
stone walls. They also were built a hilltop
around an acropolis (high city).
 These cities had an agora, houses, and public
buildings. Beyond the acropolis were
farmlands and small villages.
 Cities would fight over the that lay between
them.
 The
city-state of Sparta was located inland of
the Peloponnesian Peninsula.
 Sparta had a military economy.
 The people lived simple lives of hard work
and physical activity.
 The society was made up of three classes.
Only males in the ruling class were citizens.
 Spartan boys began military training at age 6
to 7.
 The
city-state of Athens was located on
Attica, a part of the Balkan Peninsula.
 In 594B.C. the people of Athens asked a
leader named Solon to make changes in the
government to end there struggles.
 The Athenians wanted a larger part in making
decisions.
 Athens then became the first to have a
democracy.
 In
English their language and civilization are
known as Greek.
 They call themselves Hellenes and their
country Hellas named after their common
ancestor named Hellen.
 The Greeks believe in gods.
 The Olympic Games were held every four
years in honor of Zeus.
A
common enemy Persia brought the Greek
people together for a time.
 King Darius I turned his solders to the Greek
mainland.
 The out numbered Athenians defeated the
Persian solders in one day.
 Legend of the battle says that a messenger
ran from Marathon to Athens.
 Today people call a 26 mile run a marathon.
 After
the defeat of the Persians there was a
great since of pride. During this time Athens
was ruled by Pericles.
 Pericles wanted to continue the democratic
reform of his relative Cleisthenes.
 During his term of leadership he introduced
pay for public officials.
 He was a supporter of learning and arts.
 Herodotus
was a historical writer.
 Herodotus and others wrote about
Sophocles(tragedies).
 Aristophanes wrote comedies.
 Then the plague swept through Athens and
killed many people including Pericles.
 After that a Athens began to fallow
demagogues.
A
philosopher is a great thinker.
 They also loved wisdom.
 One great philosopher Socrates criticized the
government into getting Athenians to think
about the best way to live.
 The government thought these were
dangerous ideas and ordered him to deth by
drinking poison.
 At
age 18 Alexander commanded the Calvary.
 After his father Philip was murdered his rule
was past to Alexander in 336B.C.
 Alexander’s army attacked the rebelling city
of Thebes and destroyed it, 30,000 citizens
were sold into slavery.
 Alexander conquered many areas to bring
under Greek rule. After Darius’s death
Alexander became the most powerful ruler in
southwestern Asia, earning him the name
Alexander the Great.
 With
as much area Alexander ruled he still
wanted more.
 In 327 B.C. Alexander married the Bactrian
princess Roxane.
 In 323 B.C. Alexander past away, it is said
that a solider asked “who will rule the
empire.” His answer “the strongest.”
 No leader proved to be strong enough and
the empire was divided.
 Alexander
brought Greek language and
custom to many cultures.
 Alexander influenced museums were scholars
wrote books and exchange ideas.
 Hellenistic scientist used mathematics to
estimate the distance around earth.
 In 146B.C. the Romans ganed control of a
large portian of land once ruled by Greeks.