Transcript Chapter 11 The Ancient Greeks

Chapter 11
The Ancient Greeks
Grade 6 Social Studies
Geography of Greece
Was located on the
Peloponnesus Peninsula
and small islands of the
Aegean Sea
Climate: mild winters,
hot summers.
Mountains & Water kept
regions isolated from
each other, that is why
there were many
individual city-states
Due to closeness of sea,
Greeks traveled and
others traveled to Greece
Minoans
Lived on island of Crete
Developed writing &
fine art work
Sailors & builders
Traded with Egypt,
Phoenica &
Mesopotamia
Used advanced building
techniques:eg:
underground plumbing
Mycenaean Culture
Built large fleets of
ships, traded & learned
from the Minoans
Known for their power
and strength
Conquered Minoans
approx. 1450 bc.
1100’s BC culture began
to fade
Dark Ages
Mycenaean culture began
to decline
History of Greece was
kept alive by oral
tradition
Lasted approx 300 years
Homer wrote the
“Odyssey” during this
time
Isolated cities developed
into “city-states”,
independent , selfgoverning units. Began to
grow and rival each other
for power.
Forms of Government
Forms of Government
Oligarchy
Tyranny
Monarchy
Democracy
Government is controlled by
a few people
who hold power
over a larger group
Government is controlled
by a person
who has seized power
by force
Government is
controlled by
King and Queen
Government is
controlled by the
people
Athenian Democracy
Democracy had:
Assembly that
voted on laws
Council that
proposed new
laws
Court of law that
decided guilt or
innocence
Unpopular with
wealthy citizens
because power given
to poor
Participation in
democracy was open
to citizens of Athens
Government
projects were paid for
by contributions from
the wealthy citizens
Athenians & Spartans
Athenians
Participation in
government and
personal freedom
Boys were educated,
girls & women
ignored
Spartans
Order, stability & leadership
by government officials
Physical education given to
both boys & girls
Boys received more cultural
training
Simple lifestyle, luxury goods
forbidden by government
Strict discipline to make
good soldiers
Ancient Greek Beliefs
Greeks were
polytheistic
Honored the god
Apollo at Delphi
sanctuary
Oracle – person who
makes predictions
about the future
Zeus – father of all
gods
Greek gods were
honored by:
Sacrifices
Competitions
Festivals and games
Prayers and asking
Built sanctuaries
Greek Culture
Drama/festivals held
2x’s a year to honor god
of wine, Dionysus
Antigone –famous
Greek tragedy written
by Sophocles
Comedy – funny story
Tragedy –sad story
where the hero fails
Poseidon –god of sea
Apollo – god of light,
health, prophecy &
herding
Hera – goddess of
marriage
Ares – god of war
Demeter – goddess of
grain & harvest