Transcript Ethernet Fault & Performance Management CFM/Y.1731

Ethernet Service OAM/PM
November 2011
Seth Higgins, Global Ethernet Applications
Carrier Ethernet Service Delivery
To replace SONET/SDH or Frame Relay with Ethernet, the edge
network must replicate…
Connectivity
Resiliency
PM statistics
SLA reporting
Legacy transport and service interoperability
Timing
Balance: IP Core with L2 access and transport
IP is good for connectivity, resiliency and interop
Routers are bad for true accurate stats and timing
Monitoring a hybrid network relies heavily on the endpoints
Standards allow added information from core
But services are end-to-end, and so must be the monitoring
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What are people buying now?
SLA’s with substance @ lowest price per performance
Tools to operate and troubleshoot Ethernet like SONET
Timing distribution: mobile backhaul and algorithmic trading
E-Line to E-LAN transition
Next step in SONET to Ethernet evolution
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Operating an Ethernet Service
Business
customer LAN
Ethernet/IP
WAN
Service
demarcation
Turn-up and test
Low-touch provisioning + CLI / GUI / SNMP configuration
Validate installation with RFC-2544 test and export acceptance report
Performance Monitoring
Service Assurance stats, e.g. loss, latency and jitter
Threshold crossing alarms for all PM attributes
Troubleshooting without truck rolls
Loopback and throughput/latency test suite
Dying Gasp alert and cable integrity check
Primary Objectives
Reduce truck rolls
Accurate and scalable PM
EMS/NMS/OSS integration
Inventory, alarming, monthly SLA reports…
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Mobile Backhaul
Killer application for Service Assurance
Mobile Operators are transitioning from TDM to TDM-like Ethernet
Strict SLA for delay (4ms), jitter (1ms) and loss (0.01%)
I-temp, +24VDC, 1RU, Sync distribution
100’s of towers per metro, 1000’s per region
OAM/PM must scale at MSC hub
Mobile operator must deal consistently with hundreds of access providers
UNI
Cell site
gateway
E-NNI
OAM
reflector
NTE
MSC gateway
Ethernet
Transport
Aggregation
Mobile Operator
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Access Provider
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Mobile Operator
Delay Measurement
Probe
Reflector
Message
data
Service Assurance includes frame loss, delay and jitter
Delay measured either roundtrip or one-way (bidirectional)
Loss may be a synthetic representation or actual frame counts (p2p)
Synthetic frames measure delay
Send at negligible and configurable rate
Timestamp at both ends for one-way values
Customize packet size and classification
Collect and report conformance data
Alarm on violations
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Measuring One-Way Delay
Delay from hops (inherit delay) and network congestion
Time of Day Synchronization between end-points required
e.g. NTP, GPS and 1588v2
Endpoints should reference the same Time of Day source
Synchronization errors occur when there is a negative time different
between the TX and RX
Different Time of Day sources
Poor quality TOD source (precision and stratum level) or DCN congestion
Inaccurate time client algorithm
Delay between timestamp and packet send/receive causes inaccuracy
Must timestamp at the moment of send/receive
Without hardware-based timestamping software interrupts cause problems
Service
Assurance
NTP
Customer Premise, Hub
or Cell Tower
CO or MSC
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Ethernet OAM
Areas of standards activities
UNI
UNI
100FX
Media
Customer
Euqipment Converter
Media
Carrier
Converter Edge
MEF &
ITU Y.1731
IEEE 802.1Qay
Media
Customer
Converter Equipment
MEF NID
IEEE 802.3ah
EFM
Carrier Media
Edge Converter
Service Layer OAM (UNI to UNI)
MEF NID
MEF &
ITU Y.1731
IEEE 802.1ag
100FX
Carrier NW
Connectivity Layer OAM
Access Link OAM
Access Link OAM
802.1ag CFM – Connectivity Fault Management
Y.1731 OAM (Operations, Administration and Maintenance) – Service Assurance
802.3ah EFM (Ethernet in the First Mile) – Dying Gasp
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IEEE 802.1ag – OAM Maintenance Entities
CPE
Operator A Provider Bridges
Operator B Provider Bridges
Customer Domain
MD Level=7
Service Provider Domain
MD Level=3
Operator Domain
Operator Domain
MD Level=2
MEP
MIP
MA
Up MEP – CFM traffic is sent towards the bridge (e.g. from LAN towards WAN through the device)
Down MEP – CFM traffic is sent away from the bridge (e.g. from WAN towards the network)
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CPE
ETH-CCM - Continuity Check Messages
Periodic multicast message toward other MEPs in the same MA
Provides heartbeat for connectivity check
Also used for MEP MAC discovery
Y.1731 and CFM defined the same function which causes
interoperability issues
CCM Interval
3.3 msec
10 msec
100 msec
1 sec
10 sec
1 min
10 min
C
B
Operator A
Operator B
D
A
Provider Domain
MEP
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MIP
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MEP
LBM/LBR -Loopback Messages
 Loopback Messages (LBM) are unicast messages used for fault
isolation (similar to ping)
 LBMs are used to verify the connectivity between two maintenance
points - i.e. between two MEPs or between a MEP and MIP
 At the destination, a Loopback Reply (LBR) is sent back to the sender
C
B
Operator A
Operator B
D
A
Provider Domain
MEP
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MIP
LBM
LRM
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LTM/LTR - Link Trace Message
 Link Trace Messages (LTM) are used for path discovery
 Sent from the source MEP to the target MEP (or MIP)
 At each MIP to the target, a Link Trace Response (LTR) message is
sent back to the originating MEP
 Based on the information in the LTRs received, the originating MEP
can determine the path to the target MEP
C
B
Operator A
Operator B
D
A
Provider Domain
MEP
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MIP
LTM
LTR
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Link-Loss Forwarding
Service application of ETH-CC/RDI or AIS
Customer Premise
Access
Metro
Core
Metro
Access
Customer Premise
3rd party
network
Disable Port(s)
Link Fault(s)
Link activity is local and abstracted by a network in the middle, yet
endpoints assume link status represents connectivity
Failure anywhere along an EVC propagates to remote site(s)
Continuity Check Messages with Remote Defect Indication
or Alarm Indication Signal
Link change triggers customer protection scheme to respond quickly
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ITU Y.1731 – Service Assurance OAM
Builds on 802.1ag functionality and adds:
Performance monitoring
• Delay Measurement (DM), Loss Measurement (LM)
• Under Study: Synthetic Loss Measurement (SLM)
Additional Fault Management: AIS & RDI
Test pattern and test mode (TST)
• But no test methodology or standard test suite
Automatic Protection Switching (APS)
Other not so-common functions: MCC, VSM/EXM, 1DM.
Y.1731 Defines its own hierarchical structure and Terminology
MEG – Maintenance Entity Group (Similar to MD + MA)
MEPs and MIPs keep CFM Definitions
Reflector
Reflector
Probe
Unaffected
Customer Traffic
(generator)
IP Network
Customer
Premise
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Customer
Premise
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Ethernet Loss Measurement
ETH-LM: Loss Measurement of customer data frames
Single-ended, on-demand, using ETH-LMM/ETH-LMR
Frame Loss measurements are calculated per Y.1731…
• Frame Loss (far-end) = |TxFCf[tc] – TxFCf[tp]| - |RxFCf[tc] – RxFCf[tp]|
• Frame Loss (near-end) = |TxFCb[tc] – TxFCb[tp]| - |RxFCl[tc] – RxFCl[tp]|
ETH-SLM: Synthetic Loss Measurement
New OAM function defines a way to measure Frame Loss Ratio
Multipoint support, in addition to Point-to-Point connectivity
• Use sequence numbers for ETH-SLM/SLR synthetic frames
• Count transmitted and received synthetic frames between MEPs
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Threshold Crossing Alarms
Traps sent on any violation
Thresholds must be user
configurable
Could trigger email alert
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Dying Gasp alert
Signals alert on power failure
IEEE 802.3ah EFM “Dying Gasp” message or SNMP trap
10/100/1000BT
Network
Dying Gasp
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Customer
Equipment
Test to a loopback
Traffic Generator
Turn-up & troubleshooting
RFC-2544 throughput test
VLAN or port loopbacks
Terminal or facility direction
SA/DA swap for L2 transport
Test and turn-up
CO or MSC
Customer Premise
or Cell Tower
Test
Head
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RFC-2544 Testing
Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices
Suite of tests for verifying Ethernet equipment
Also used for Ethernet services
Suite of tests defined:
Throughput
Latency
Frame loss
Back to back
System Recovery
Reset
MEF SLA parameters
Results generally presented in
Each test is performed multiple
times with different frame sizes
(64, 128, 256,…)
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graphical form
Y.1564 Service Configuration Test
Verify throughput performance for each service at CIR, CIR+EIR and above
Tests up to CIR to verify committed SLA parameters
Then increase the traffic rate into the red zone to verify policing
Performance is uncertain in the yellow zone and needn’t be checked
Optional CBS/EBS configuration verification
All SLA performance parameters measured at the same time
Frame Delay, Frame Delay Variation and Frame Loss
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Y.1564 Service Performance Test
Simultaneously validate SLA conformance for all defined services
Generate traffic at CIR for all flows and report performance
Test for 15 minutes to 24 hours
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Timing distribution and sync verification
Trusted Wireline Operator provides Synchronization Service
Mobile Operator is customer of the Synchronization Service
Both need tools for synchronization service
Prove accuracy at time of network deployment
Monitor stability in normal operation
When things go wrong, diagnostics are required
Access and Backhaul Network
Trusted Wireline Operator
Mobile Network
Operator
Mobile Network
Operator
SLA/Stability
Meets SLA?
UNI
Cell Site
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Backhaul Network
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Mobile Core
Ubiquitous Ethernet Service
SDH/SONET
IP/MPLS Network
PDH
Ethernet
Access
End-to-end service assurance - Consistent delivery platform - Any access
Evolve your embedded base to support contemporary requirements for
Mobile Backhaul, Business Ethernet, and Wholesale NNI services
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Thank you
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