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Spectrum as a Service TNC2014, Dublin, May 2014 Klaus Grobe, Cornelius Fürst, Achim Autenrieth, Thomas Szyrkowiec, ADVA Optical Networking SE Content • Flexible SDO for 400G and beyond • SpaaS – Spectrum as a Service 2 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Flexible SDO for 400G and beyond 3 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Software-Defined Optics DP-QPSK PSD [dB] PSD [dB] Im Re Relative Frequency Im DP-BPSK 1 Re Im DP-QPSK 1 DP-16QAM 1 Re Re Re Im PSD [dB] Im DP-8QAM DP-9QPR PSD [dB] Im Relative Frequency … or … Re Relative Frequency 4 Relative Frequency © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Flexibility in SDO xC-DP-QPSK with Modulation Format per Sub-Carrier X-Polarization Imaginary Y-Polarization X-Polarization Imaginary Imaginary Y-Polarization y GBd per subcarrier changed to other Imaginary Real Real Real Real Dual-Polarization QPSK Dual-Polarization 16QAM 1. Constellation 2. Baud rate 3. Spectral shaping Number and Bandwidth per Sub-Carrier in a Super-Channel 5. SC count Power 1C 2C 4C Wavelength Sub-Carrier Spacing and Spectral Shaping Power Wavelength 5 4. SC spacing © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 400G Coherent Implementation Flexible grid technology along with continuous wavelength locking allows • adaptation of bandwidth and modulation format to required reach • Concept can also be extended to 1Tb/s Super-Channels • Flexibility lends itself to spectrum virtualization – SpaaS 2C-DP-16QAM / DP-QPSK / DP-BPSK … 100G Layer 1 Mapping 100G 400G 100G Multiplexing Switching DSP Carrier #1 DSP Carrier #2 100G 4x100G or 400G Client 6 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Super-Channel Configurations Bitrate Format Symbol Rate # SC Format Penalty Rate Penalty SC Penalty 100G DP-BPSK 30 GBd 2 -3 dB 0 dB 3 dB (Ref.) DP-QPSK 30 GBd 1 0 dB 0 dB 200G DP-16QAM 30 GBd 1 6.2 dB DP-QPSK 30 GBd 2 300G DP-QPSK 30 GBd 400G DP-16QAM 1000G BW Penalty Relative Reach Nominal Reach 75 GHz -1.8 dB -1.8 dB 3750 km 0 dB 50 GHz 0 dB 0 dB 2500 km 0 dB 0 dB 50 GHz 0 dB -6.2 dB 600 km 0 dB 0 dB 3 dB 75 GHz -1.8 dB -1.2 dB 1900 km 3 0 dB 0 dB 4.8 dB 125 GHz -4.0 dB -0.8 dB 2050 km 30 GBd 2 6.2 dB 0 dB 3 dB 75 GHz -1.8 dB -7.4 dB 450 km DP-QPSK 30 GBd 4 0 dB 0 dB 6 dB 150 GHz -4.8 dB -1.2 dB 1900 km DP-16QAM 75 GBd 2 6.2 dB 4 dB 3 dB 175 GHz -5.4 dB -7.8 dB 400 km DP-QPSK 75 GBd 4 0 dB 4 dB 6 dB 350 GHz -8.5 dB -1.5 dB 1750 km BW SDO Super-Channels require flexible Bandwidth 7 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Spectrum Services 8 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. SpaaS – Spectrum-as-a-Service Spectrum Gate (I/F) Elastic optical Network with Flexible-Grid WDM Virtual Private Optical Bandwidth SDN I/F NMS / HyperVisor SDO I/F ROADM Client A SG SDO I/F Core Client A SG ROADM ROADM Client B Client B SG SDO I/F SDO I/F SG ROADM ROADM UNI UNI • Flexible provisioning of dedicated optical Virtual Private Bandwidth • Spectrum – a service granularity between wavelength and fiber • Requires a transparent transport infrastructure 9 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. SpaaS Motivation • Virtualize optical networks • Share infrastructure between customers • Offer new type of service – Spectrum VPN • Evolution of modulation formats, data rates, and alien-wave services drives need for flexibility • Providers cannot predict formats required in a few years • Customers may have considerably different requirements • Alien-wave generalization Single Channel 10 Spectrum Super-Channel © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Basic SpaaS Requirements • Signal admission control • Prevent other signals from interfering – create Spectrum VPNs • Block distorting (rogue) signals or malicious users • Physical crosstalk mitigation • Prevent alien-induced transients amplifier and admission control • X-NLPN* (some formats disturb transmission in neighbor partition) admission control, equalization, and guard bands • Signal routing • Customers do not have / need full knowledge of the optical network • A limited parameter set shall be sufficient to route or deny services X-NLPN: X-phase-modulation-induced Non-Linear Phase Noise 11 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Spectral Partitioning Example Assigned to Customers ROADM Guard Not used Bands for SpaaS 2 Link 1 1 Link 2 3 ROADM ROADM Link 3 Link 4 Link 5 5 4 6 Link 7 7 ROADM Customer A Link 6 ROADM Customer B Spectrum Customer C • Spectral bandwidth can vary on a per-link basis • Reconfiguration within minutes (rather than hours, days) 12 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Main SpaaS Functions • Partition the optical spectrum in a network • Partitions are defined by the continuously usable spectral range • May also cover (50 GHz) channelized spectrum range • • • Creates dips in between the channels • Only suitable for certain super-channels with appropriate subcarrier spacing Configured and assigned centrally, by the network operator Provision network partition to end customer • Customer uses partition for services which he defined – modulation format, data rate, super-channels, … • Provisioning, routing, maintenance etc. via suitable UNI / SDN I/F – customers only provide limited set of key parameters, e.g., • Analog contiguous bandwidth requirements (per connection) • Modulation type (intensity vs. phase modulation, PAPR*, …) • OSNR, constraints allowance PAPR: Peak-to-Average Power Ratio 13 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. SpaaS active Elements SDN Controller SDO I/F • FlexGrid ROADM • Optical sub-spectrum analysis Per-port signal analysis Protection triggers CTRL Functions • • HyperVisor Client Port Spectrum Gate UNI Diagnosis Functions • • • • OF, PCEP, … • • • Transient control Power leveling Port shut-down option Diagnosis Function Optical Spectrum Analysis • Provide physical colorless ports Power management WDM Core CTRL Functions • • • • Sub-spectrum routing Sub-spectrum resilience Provide inter-spectrum GBs Power management Grey color: standard functions 14 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Basic SpaaS Implementation • Customer authorization and physical compliance physically provided by FlexGrid ROADMs and Spectrum Gates • • Spectrum Gate • Fast VOA array – manage power levels and block rogue users • Signal correlator – time-domain signal analysis • OSA – frequency-domain signal analysis FlexGrid ROADM (WSS) • Limit spectral input range • Route signals to respective Spectrum Gates • Refrain other signals from accessing ports (privacy) • Enforce guard band (where needed) • Resources controlled and managed by centralized NMS 15 • Link provisioning can be CP-assisted • Virtualized network view can be presented northbound to SDN controller © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Conclusion • Customers may want to get variable-bandwidth spectrum for flexible broadband services • Generalization of alien-wave services – SpaaS • Requires basic functions to maintain network integrity • Monitoring, signal analysis • Measures against transients, signal distortion, … • Shut-down of rogue signals / malicious users • Open questions • Management, control approach • Parameter set to be provided by client • Need further discussions w/ interested network providers 16 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. Thank you [email protected] IMPORTANT NOTICE The content of this presentation is strictly confidential. ADVA Optical Networking is the exclusive owner or licensee of the content, material, and information in this presentation. Any reproduction, publication or reprint, in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited. The information in this presentation may not be accurate, complete or up to date, and is provided without warranties or representations of any kind, either express or implied. ADVA Optical Networking shall not be responsible for and disclaims any liability for any loss or damages, including without limitation, direct, indirect, incidental, consequential and special damages, alleged to have been caused by or in connection with using and/or relying on the information contained in this presentation. Copyright © for the entire content of this presentation: ADVA Optical Networking. Virtualization Options SDN Controller #1 SDN Controller #2 SDN Controller #3 OF, PCEP, GMPLS-ENNI, BGP-LS OF, NETCONF, PCEP OpenFlow BGP-LS GMPLS-ENNI PCEP Optical Network HyperVisor SNMP, MTOSI NETCONF/YANG NMS / OSS REST OF, NETCONF, RESTful API 18 SDN Controller #4 © 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. SNMP, NETCONF