Transcript ENUM, SIP and VoIP Interconnectivity

ENUM Presentation #846
Jong Lee
Strategic Development
VeriSign
A Couple of Things About ENUM
It’s a Protocol – Nothing More and Nothing Less
Opt-In Has to Go
Carrier ENUM Matters; Public ENUM Does Not
Tier 2 ENUM will Merge with SIP Location in Many Cases
Technology Does Not Matter
It’s Getting Too Political
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Business/Regulatory State of the “Roots”
Tier 0:
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Only one database controlled by RIPE NCC and ITU (policy only)
Contains participating country codes.
Delegation would be at the NPA level for the US
Tier I:
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•
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Within North America there could be several Tier 1 databases, which would
provide multiple business opportunities instead of a single monopoly.
The US Tier 1s would receive their delegation at the NPA level.
Lot’s of Boring Trials Going on Now
Tier II:
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•
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A Few Interesting Trials Underway
Every Carrier and Cooperative will have a Root
Current Issues With ENUM
Very few VoIP platforms support ENUM today
Nobody has figured out how to make money from ENUM yet
Nothing in ENUM you can’t do with SIP
Huge political issues over data ownership
• Who wants to be the root?
ENUM solves only a small part of the problem
• Where you are is easy – how to get to you in a secure, reliable matter is
another issue
4
ENUM: One Piece in the Puzzle
IN NAPTR 10 10 "u" "E2U+sip"
“!^.*$!sip:[email protected]!”
Tier 1 ENUM
Tier 2 ENUM
Location
Server/Registrar
Call
Control
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Call
Control
IN NAPTR 10 10 "u" “E2U+mailto"
“!^.*$!mailto:[email protected]
Misc. IP Network?
Call
Control
Call
Control
ENUM: Missing Pieces
I Know the Destination Domain of the Called Party
I Can Now Query the Destination to Find the IP Address
But:
What QoS Rules are Associated with the Destination
What Protocol/Variations are Available at the Destination
What Network Path to Take
What Security Policies/Keys Are Needed
ENUM provides the information, but assumes the network will be able
to figure it out.
Reality: It Won’t (at least not yet)
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ENUM Issues to Be Resolved
Critical Mass (the Network Problem)
Application developers
Public or private directories
Update rate
One or many - providers, databases, …
Regulatory and policy issues
New identifiers
Coverage
PSTN Service Logic
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Conclusions
ENUM is starting to happen in trials
Public trials have yet to generate anything interesting
Private Tier 2 trials are getting interesting (like car wrecks are
interesting)
Interop, QoS and Security are barriers
Need more Free Market input
Opt-Out of Opt-In
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Clearing and Peering:
New Models for Carrier and Enterprise Interconnect
Conclusions (Answer Before Question)
Clearing Is Over
Peering is the New Model
Old Model: Exchanging Traffic
New Model: Peered Route Resolution
Issues:
Data Ownership
Security
Network Engineering
Interoperability
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Radical Statement 1:
If a Call Starts on an IP Device
and Ends on an IP Device, it
should use the IP network end to
end
Radical Statement 2:
If a Call Starts or Stops on the
PSTN, Use the PSTN
Fact:
We Are Not Following Rule #1 or
Rule #2 Today
Clearing and Peering: A History
VoIP “Peering” Has Been Going on For Many Years
More Clearing than Peering
Arbitrage to Arbitrage Focus
Replacing IXC/International Trunks with IP
Long Haul Trunking Savings
Bypass/Arbitrate
This market is pretty much done
New Models for Peering are Endpoint Focused Rather than Trunk
Focused
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There Is No VoIP Today
Current model for VoIP carrier is local only
Offnet calls connect via PSTN, even if destination is IP
Many operators in more than one market use PSTN even for on-net
traffic between platforms
Small Operators face standard interconnect agreements for
terminating offnet traffic
Why VoIP Peering is Good
Reduce costs of PSTN interconnect for IP-IP Calls
Reduce operational burden of maintaining interconnects, MGs and
SS7 links
Enable new services like video, collaboration and presence
Regional Operators Encounter Specific Challenges
Economies of scale, Turnkey Solutions
Enable cooperative application development and delivery – History of
ILEC market shows this is critical to success
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Elements of Peering: Routing Engine
Route Propagation: TGREP/TRIP/Manual Provisioning
TN Discovery
TN Exists?
Yes=
BE RouteList
External
Callout
Engine
*LNP
*CNAM
*Carrier Select
(ENUM or
SIP)
Route Engine
TN To BE Route List
Proportional Route
Splay Route
ToD/DoW Engine
Class 4 Route Default
(Trunk Group, PSTN Ctvty)
Number Analysis and Normalization (e.164 or URL)
ENUM/DNS
SIP Redirect Engine
Interface to CCE
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External Callouts
(SIP or ENUM)
Elements of Peering: Subscriber Profiling
Policy
Engine
SIMPLE
Presence Server
Subscriber Data
Address of Record
Address Type
Trans ID
Accnt Status
Services
References
Contact IDs
Contact
Contact URI
Sequence
Expiration
Call ID
Priority
ENUM
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SIP Redirect
Secure
Authentication
Role of ENUM
Provides protocol and architecture to discover if a given phone call is
IP-IP
Returns carrier domain of destination number
Allows end-to-end VoIP interconnection
However:
ENUM is not widely deployed on SS, BE or SIP Proxy infrastructure
ENUM does not solve the entire problem – directory of destinations is
just one piece in secure peering
ENUM has become very political
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Simple Peering Architecture
ASP Domain
Inter-Carrier
Settlement
(??)
Directory
SIP/ENUM
Service
Broker
Subscriber
Portal
Applications/Services
MSO A
VoIP Operator
Call
Agent
Call
Agent
Border
Element
Border
Element
IP Core
CMTS
DSLAM
Media
Gateway
PSTN
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Call
Agent
Peering Architectural Components
Core VoIP directory provides ENUM and/or SIP resolution of queries
•
•
Returns domain/IP of the partner that owns the subscriber
Admin portal allows operators to monitor and access their own data in real time
Management of Network Border
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Border and Firewall management
NAT Transversal and Pinhole Management
Firewall Integrity and Intrusion Detection
Billing and Settlement between VoIP Carriers
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Open questions on settlement: Will there be Compensation?
What is the Service Model (per registration, per transaction, per termination)
Even with “bill and keep” settlement, call record exchange will be necessary for
traffic engineering purposes
Application Sharing
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The Ancillary Data Layer
LNP
DNC
CNAP
Toll-Free
Service
Broker
MSO Customization and Provisioning
Service Delivery
CORE
SS7
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Sigtran
DNS/
ENUM
SIP
(CMSS)
Peering Architecture: Operator to Enterprise
In addition to Inter-Carrier peering, Carriers will want to interconnect to
other VoIP islands
Enterprises
Public Sector
In addition to directory and security, interoperability must be addressed
Enterprises are largely H.323 based today; slow migration to
SIP
Other carriers are running different variations of SIP
Example: PrivacyID
Protocol normalization will be necessary at the edge of the
network to protect the application delivery function
Quality of Service: Is All Routing Created Equal?
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Full Peering Architecture
ASP Domain
Service Core
Out-Of-Band Provisioning
(Web Based Subscriber and
Admin Portal
VoIP
Directory
Hosted Third-Party Apps
Service
Broker
Cable MSO A
Call Agent
Border Element
SIP (CMSS)
VoIP Carrier
SIP (CMSS)
Border ElementCall Agent
SIP (CMSS)
IP Network
CMTS
DSLAM
SIP (CMSS)
SIP (CMSS)
MGCP/MEGACO
MGCP/MEGACO
MTA
MTA
Firewall
Border SC
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Border SC
H.323
IP
PBX
Work at Home
Employee of
Enterprise B
Firewall
Enterprise A
IP-PBX
Enterprise B
Advantages of Full Peering Model
Reduces cost of calls between operators by eliminating need to hand
off to IXC/PSTN
Creates end-to-end VoIP network to enable shared value-added
services
Provides highly predictable network cost model
Maintains complete perimeter security
Maintains a SIP core network while enabling carriers to connect to
every other VoIP operator in the world
Allows operators to Address Key Subscriber Demographics
Teleworkers
16-25 Demographic
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Summary: Elements of Peering
Secure, Reliable, End-to-End VoIP
Bridging VoIP Islands
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Secure interconnection
Normalized to Backbone standards
Robust suite of applications
Interconnection Directory
Directory
Directory Capability
Benefits To Operator:
Reduced Operations Costs
Reduced Capital Outlays
Network Flexibility
Support for New Services
Rapid Application Introduction
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Interoperability
Signaling
Infrastructure
Network
Core
Value-added Services
Billing, Mediation
and Settlement
Applications
Security
Security
Assets
Thank You!
[email protected]
703-948-3359