Transcript Republic Begins to Crumble

Republic Begins to Crumble
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Farmers begin losing land to the rich and move
to the city as poor people
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Problems within the city arise
Marius (general & consul) recruits the poor for
his army
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Soldiers become loyal to generals, not Rome itself
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New practice begins where generals use army to
seize power
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Leads to decades of civil war
First Triumvirate
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Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar emerge
victorious from the civil wars
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The first Triumvirate
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a government where 3 men have equal power
Crassus is killed in battle
Senate favors Pompey so they vote for Caesar
to resign
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Caesar illegally brings his army to Rome to gain
control and defeats Pompey
Julius Caesar
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Becomes a dictator
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absolute ruler (has total power)
Senators assassinate Caesar in 44 B.C.
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They did not like how much power he had
2nd Triumvirate
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Octavian (Caesar’s heir), Marc Antony, and
Lepidus form the 2nd triumvirate
Octavian and Antony wage war for total control
of the empire
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Octavian defeats Antony
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Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide
Octavian takes the name Augustus
Caesar
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Becomes the first Roman Emperor
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End of the Roman Republic