Transcript Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Disorders of the Male
Reproductive System
Disorders of the Male Reproductive
System
There are numerous conditions in the male
reproductive system.
Many of these are under reported because
people are embarrassed or reluctant to discuss
it.
Brian’s Song
The story of professional
football players Gale
Sayers and Brian Piccolo is
such an example.
Brian’s Song
The movie was filmed
in1970 and released in
1971.
Although the film focused
on their friendship, all
that was told in the film
was that Brian had a
“cancer”.
It was never revealed that
he had testicular cancer.
Brian’s Song
Apparently it wasn’t
appropriate to mention
testicle in a movie made
for television.
Infertility
• One in twenty males
are considered infertile
• A sperm count of less
than 20 million /ml of
semen is considered
infertile (Oligospermia)
• Poor sperm motility
(Asthenospermia)
• Abnormal morphology
(Teratospermia)
Infertility
Male infertility has a range
of causes, including
• Xenobiotics
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Phthalates
Pesticides
Herbicides
Tetracycline
Lead
Alcohol and drug abuse
Infertility
Male infertility has a range
of causes, including
• Anatomical anomalies
– Cryptorchidism
– Varicocele
Infertility
Male infertility has a range
of causes, including
• Environmental
influences
– High ambient
temperature
– Prolong fever
Infertility
Treatment depends on the
cause. In some cases, it
may be corrected or invitro
fertilization can be used, if
the sperm is viable.
Impotence
Impotence is a condition that consistently
affects a male’s ability to achieve or maintain an
erection, or ability to achieve ejaculation. It’s a
form of erectile dysfunction (ED).
Impotence
Many causes, many which
can be treated. These
include:
• Endocrine disorders
such as diabetes
Impotence
Many causes, many which
can be treated. These
include:
• Endocrine disorders
such as diabetes
• Neurological disorders
such as stroke,
Parkinson's
Impotence
Many causes, many which
can be treated. These
include:
• Prostate surgery
• Medications including
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Flomax
Coreg
Xanax
Prozac
Impotence
Many causes, many which
can be treated. These
include:
• Cardiac conditions for
example high blood
pressure
Impotence
Many causes, many which
can be treated. These
include:
• Cardiac conditions for
example high blood
pressure
• Life Style
– Drug abuse
– Alcohol abuse
– Obesity
Impotence
Treatments: Medications
currently advertised
include:
• Sidenafil (Viagra)
• Tadalafil (Cialis)
• Testosterone therapy
Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism, or undescended testicle refers
to a testicle (testis) that has not moved into the
scrotum before a baby is born.
It is estimated that 3% to 5% of newborn boys
have undescended testicle(s).
Cryptorchidism
Complications include:
• Increased risk of
testicular cancer
• Testicular torsion
• Reduced fertility
Varicocele
A varicocele is an
abnormal dilatation of the
testicular veins in the
pampiniform venous
plexus.
Varicocele
A varicocele is an
abnormal dilatation of the
testicular veins in the
pampiniform venous
plexus.
Common cause of
infertility in men.
Surgery on the veins is a
common procedure.
Prostate Issues
Anatomically the prostate is a walnut sized gland
that lies between the bladder and penis.
The urethra runs through it.
Three conditions associated with it include:
• BHP Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
• Prostatitis
• Cancer
Prostate Issues
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a condition in
men in which the prostate gland is enlarged and
not cancerous.
Prostate Issues
The prostate goes through two main growth
periods as a man ages.
The first occurs early in puberty, when the
prostate doubles in size.
The second phase of growth begins around age
25 and continues during most of a man’s life.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia often occurs with
the second growth phase.
Prostate Issues
As the prostate enlarges, the gland presses
against and pinches the urethra.
Eventually, the bladder may weaken and lose
the ability to empty completely, leaving some
urine in the bladder, this leads to urinary
retention.
Prostate Issues
Most common issue in
men over 50 years of age.
Treatments include
medications and
noninvasive surgery
procedures.
Prostate Issues
• Prostatitis is swelling of the prostate gland.
Prostate tissue becomes inflamed. This
problem can be caused by an infection with
bacteria.
• Acute prostatitis starts quickly and chronic
prostatitis lasts for 3 months or more.
• Treated with antibiotics
Prostate Issues
Prostate cancer is mostly a very slow progressing
disease.
Several studies have indicated that perhaps
about 80% of all men in their eighties had
prostate cancer when they died, but nobody
knew, not even the doctor.
Prostate Issues Symptoms
• The patient urinates more often
Prostate Issues Symptoms
• The patient urinates more often
• The patient gets up at night more often to
urinate
Prostate Issues Symptoms
• The patient urinates more often
• The patient gets up at night more often to
urinate
• He may find it hard to start urinating
Prostate Issues
• The patient urinates more often
• The patient gets up at night more often to
urinate
• He may find it hard to start urinating
Prostate Issues
• The patient urinates more often
• The patient gets up at night more often to
urinate
• He may find it hard to start urinating
• He may find it hard to keep urinating once he
has started
Prostate Issues
• The patient urinates more often
• The patient gets up at night more often to
urinate
• He may find it hard to start urinating
• He may find it hard to keep urinating once he
has started
• There may be blood in the urine
Prostate Issues Symptoms
• The patient urinates more often
• The patient gets up at night more often to
urinate
• He may find it hard to start urinating
• He may find it hard to keep urinating once he
has started
• There may be blood in the urine
• Urination might be painful
Prostate Issues
Treatment Options:
• Surgery
• Radiation Treatment
• Hormone Treatment
Testicular Cancer
• Testicular cancer is the most common cancer
in men 15-34 years of age.
• Most often found by self examination
Testicular Cancer
• Testicular cancer is the most common cancer
in men 15-34 years of age.
• The most common sign of testicular cancer is
a lump or swelling in the testicle.
Testicular Cancer
• Testicular cancer is the most common cancer
in men 15-34 years of age.
• The most common sign of testicular cancer is
a lump or swelling in the testicle.
• Most testicular cancers can be cured, even if
they are diagnosed at an advanced stage.
Testicular Cancer